Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MSK 1 - Cervicothoracic > Cervicothoracic Spine IV > Flashcards

Cervicothoracic Spine IV Flashcards

(42 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the lifetime prevalence of headaches?

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the types of headaches?

A

Tension

migraine

cluster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the secondary cause of headaches?

A

Cervicogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are tension headaches signs and symptoms?

A

Bilateral band like tightness
anxiety/stress etiology
No migraine S&S - milder
Dull pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What percentage of headaches are tension headaches?

A

~40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why are tension headaches commonly confused with cervicogenic headaches?

A

Associated muscle tension with both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What can we do for tension headaches?

A

Address stress/anxiety
improve muscle tension
MET plus biofeedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the qualities of a migraine?

A

Pulsating
out of commission
unilateral
N&V
drome’s
sensational auras

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do migraines cause nausea and vomiting?

A

Extremity and gut vasoconstriction thus cold with poor intestinal absorption/diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How long can moderate to severe pain last with migraines?

A

up to 3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What percentage of headaches are migraines?

A

~10-15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the pathophysiology of migraines?

A

Temporal artery vasodilation
TCN hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can we prescribe for migraines?

A

Caffeine to help with vasoconstriction
Increase water intake to 1.5 L per day
2-3 mg melatonin prior to bedtime
address possible cervical joint dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are characteristics of cluster headaches?

A

comes and goes
retro-orbital (around eye) and temporal regions
unilateral
sudden and severe pain
Horners syndrome
Intense
grumpy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What percentage of headaches are cluster headaches?

A

Less than 1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the etiology of cluster headaches?

A

Abnormal hypothalamus
genetic
sleep dysfunction
med side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the pathophysiology of cluster headaches?

Study These Flashcards
A

TCN hypersensitivity

18
Q

What is the pathophysiology of cervicogenic headaches?

Study These Flashcards
A

O-C3 particularly C2,C3 joint dysfunction
TCN hypersensitivity

19
Q

What are symptoms of cervicogenic headaches?

Study These Flashcards
A

unilateral
starting in neck and occipital region, progresses to fronto-occular region
Provoked by neck motion
mild to moderate pain
non-throbbing pulsating

20
Q

What percentage of headaches are cervicogenic?

21
Q

What are some scan findings with cervicogenic headaches?

Study These Flashcards
A

limited and painful a/prom
possible positive combined motion
possible positive PA tests in upper cervical segments
possibly positive hypersensitivity
positive cervical flexion-rotation test
positive TTP in O-C3 region

22
Q

What can be prescribed for cervicogenic headaches?

Study These Flashcards
A

Postural ed
address cervical joint dysfunction
neck and shoulder MET

23
Q

When is dry needling helpful with cervicogenic headaches?

Study These Flashcards
A

With manual therapy and exercise

24
Q

What is thoracic outlet syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A

Compression of subclavian artery and possibly brachial plexus

25
What can cause thoracic outlet syndrome?
Repetitive stress/ overuse FHP prolonged UE elevation scalenes shortening and tightness
26
What is thoracic outlet syndrome also known as?
T4 syndrome
27
What happens with chest breathing?
excessive use of accessory respiratory muscles
28
What are differential diagnosis for thoracic outlet syndrome?
Cervical rib pancoast tumor compression medial cord of brachial plexus carpal tunnel syndrome spinal nerve impingement neurovascular diseases
29
What are signs and symptoms of a peripheral nerve loss of conduction vs spinal nerve losing conduction
Non segmental positive dural mobility not in dermatomal pattern or radiculopathy muscle weakness in muscles innervated by spinal nerve reflexes normal bc perepherial cutaneous nerve is not whats tested CN tests normal
30
What are symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome?
UE glove/sleeve like paresthesias non-segmental paresthesias (short and fast progression) Possible weakness Coldness and sweating with vascular compromise
31
What are thoracic outlet syndrome symptoms increased by?
Raising arms sleeping poor sitting posture
32
What are signs of Thoracic outlet syndrome?
FHP possible UE discoloration A/PROM upper thoracic restriction signs Resisted tests/MMT decreased strength/endurance in posterior shoulder/scapular muscles dermatome, DTR, myotomes WNL Non segmental hypoactivity ULTT Dural mobility tests positive
33
What are signs and symptoms of a dural tension restriction?
Paresthesias increased from both ends
34
If not tension restriction or hypersensitivity contributing to paresthesias, then what kind of restriction is likely present?
Gliding
35
Why would a gliding restriction be present?
Adhesion
36
What do we do for a gliding restriction?
Neural mobilizations motion with resistance or symptoms (OK in this situation)
37
what effect do neural mobilizations have on gliding restrictions?
moderate to large effect on pain, disability, and mechanosensitivity
38
What are some signs of gliding restriction in accessory motion testing?
Accessory motion testing - unilateral upper thoracic hypomobility - limited 1st rib anterior glide
39
What can FHP cause in terms of circulation?
Reduced circulation - may cause up to 300 mmHg pressure in the muscle - a 30% max voluntary contraction of the muscle will produce circulation - 70% max voluntary contraction will nearly eliminate circulation
40
What are some FHP issues?
thorax flexed and depressed -diaphragm compressed - decreases anti-gravity reflex of muscles thoracic extensors and accessory respiratory muscles overworked to compensate
41
Upper thoracic joint dysfunction can develop what?
T1-6 hypomobility c7-T1 hypermobility due to anterior shearing forces dowager's hump wedging of vertebra
42
What can we do to help with FHP?
Postural ed ergonomic modifications diaphragmatic breathing neural mobilizations MT/MET for upper thoracic mobility MET for stabilization in cervicothoracic and shoulder complex regions

MSK 1 - Cervicothoracic (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions