Cestodes Small Animal

Question 1

What is a cestode?

Answer 1

Tapeworm

Question 2

What is cestode general morphology?

Answer 2

Segmented with proglottids. Mature front to back. Dorsoventrally flattened with no GI structure. Each proglottid can be immature, mature, or gravid

Question 3

What does “gravid” mean

Answer 3

Produces eggs

Question 4

What are the two types of cestodes

Answer 4

Cotyloda (pseudotapeworm)
Eucestoda (true tapeworm)

Question 5

What are the true tape worms

Answer 5

Taenia spp
Dipylidium caninum
Echinococcus spp

Question 6

Which species is a cotyloda

Answer 6

Spirometra spp

Question 7

What are the hosts for Dipylidium caninum

Answer 7

Definitive: dogs and cats
Intermediate: fleas, louse

Question 8

How do you diagnose Dipylidium caninum

Answer 8

Fecal float. Segment squash

Question 9

What is the lifecycle of Dipylidium caninum

Answer 9

Gravid proglottids are passed intact in the feces. Proglottids disintegrate and release egg packets that are ingested by fleas. Definitive host is infected by ingesting fleas

Question 10

What are the different species in Taenia spp?

Answer 10

Taenia pisiformis
Taenia hydatigena
Taenia ovis

Question 11

What are the hosts for Taenia pisiformis?

Answer 11

Definitive host: dog
Intermediate host: rabbit

Question 12

What is the diagnosis for Taenia spp?

Answer 12

Fecal float or segment squash

Question 13

What is the lifecycle for dipylidium caninum?

Answer 13

Passed proglottid disintegrates and releases eggs that are ingested by the intermediate host. Definitive host eats intermediate, and eggs mature and attach to small intestine

Question 14

What are the hosts for Taenia hydatigena?

Answer 14

Definitive: canine
Intermediate: ruminant

Question 15

What is the lifecycle for Taenia hydatigena?

Answer 15

Passed proglottid disintegrates and releases eggs. Intermediate host ingests eggs and they begin to mature. Definitive host eats intermediate host and they mature and attach in small intestine

Question 16

What is the difference between Taenia hydatigena and Taenia ovis?

Answer 16

Taenia ovus eggs that are ingested by the intermediate host hatch and migrate to muscle.

Question 17

Which species is a hydatid tapeworm?

Answer 17

Echinococcus spp

Question 18

How do you diagnose Echinococcus spp?

Answer 18

Adult identification from GI tract. Eggs on fecal float not always definitive. ELISA

Question 19

What is the main prevention against Echinococcus spp?

Answer 19

Vaccinating sheep & treating at risk dogs for infection. Dogs cannot eat organs of sheep or rodents

Question 20

What are the hosts of Echinococcus granulosa

Answer 20

Definitive: canine
Intermediate: herbivores (primarily sheep). humans

Question 21

What is the lifecycle or Echinococcus granulosus

Answer 21

Proglottid is passed and ingested by intermediate host. Egg hatches and larva forms hyatid cysts in organs. Definitive host eats hyatid cysts and matures to adult that attaches in small intestine

Question 22

What are the different species of Echinococcus spp?

Answer 22

Echinococcus granulosus
Echinococcus multilocularis

Question 23

What are the hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis?

Answer 23

Definitive: cat & fox
Intermediate: small rodents & humans

Question 24

What is the Echinococcus multilocularis life cycle?

Answer 24

Proglottid is passed and ingested by intermediate host. Eggs hatch and hyatid cysts become very invasive and form in organs. Definitive host eats hyatid cyst

Question 25

Which species are reportable?

Answer 25

Echinococcus spp

Question 26

What are the hosts for Spirometra spp?

Answer 26

Definitive: cat & dog Intermediate: aquatic crustaceans, fish, reptiles, frogs

Question 27

What is the lifecycle of Spirometra spp?

Answer 27

Unembryonated eggs are passed and embryonate in the environment. They hatch in water and are ingested by a copepod where they further develop. The copepod is ingested by intermediate host (fish, reptile, amphibian) and develops further. Intermediate host is ingested by definitive

Question 28

What is the diagnosis for Spirometra spp?

Answer 28

Fecal float

Question 29

What is the zoonotic danger of Spirometra spp?

Answer 29

Ingesting crustaceans

Question 30

What does the larval stage of cestodes look like?

Answer 30

Hexacanths. 6 hooks

Question 31

When is the infective stage of Spirometra spp?

Answer 31

2nd intermediate host (fish, frog, amphibian)

Question 32

What is the general eucestode lifecycle?

Answer 32

Proglottid is passed and thousands of eggs are released. When ingested by intermediate host develops into metacestode When ingested by definitive host, tapeworm emerges and attaches to intestines

Question 33

What is the general cotyloda lifecycle?

Answer 33

Eggs are passed individually and contact with water makes eggs hatch. Have 2 intermediate hosts (copepod & fish)