cfii Flashcards
When is a Instrument rating required?
- When acting as PIC under IFR weather conditions less than prescribed for VFR.(61.3)
-When carrying passengers for compensation or hire on cross-country flights in excess of 50nm or at night (61.133)
-For flight in class A airspace
-For special VFR between sunset and sunrise (91.157)
What are currency requirements for acting as PIC under IFR or in weather conditions less than VFR minimums?
66 HITS
-In the proceeding 6 calendar months
-6 Instrument approaches
-Holding procedures and tasks
-Intercepting
-Tracking through the use of Navigation systems
How can you log a instrument approach?
-Must operate aircraft by solely reference to instruments.
-Pilots must execute the entire IAP commencing at a Initial approach fix or associated feeder route and fly the initial segment, intermediate segment and final segment.
- However the pilot may receive actual or simulated radar vectors to the final approach course.
-If using simulated IMC, must continue whole approach down to the MDA, DA or DH
- If in IMC must continue down past the FAF, or use a view limiting device.
what do you need for the next 6 months if you are not current for IFR?
you have a additional 6 months to regain currency by performing 66 hits with a safety pilot
what do you need if it is more than 6 months from currency?
-A Instrument Procedure check (IPC) is required, administered by a CFII, examiner, or other approved person
-Guidelines are in the ACS
-Some IPC tasks, but not all, can be conducted in a FTD or ATD (see ACS)
How do you log a IAP for recency?
-Location and Type of each instrument approach
-The name of the safety pilot, if required
what are the requirements to be a safety pilot?
-Holds at least a private pilot certificate with the appropriate category and class
-Holds a medical
-Dual flight controls
-Must log name of safety pilot
Decision making (DECIDE)
D- Detect, that a change has occurred
E-Estimate, the need to counter
C-Choose and desirable outcome
I-Identify solutions
D-Do the necessary actions
E-Evaluate the effects of the actions
Preflight info required for IFR?
NWKRAFT (91.103)
N- Notams
W- Weather reports and forecasts
K- Known traffic delays as advised by ATC
R- Runway lengths of intended use
F- Fuel requirements
T- Take off and landing performance data
IFR Minimum fuel requirements?
-Fuel from departure to destination airport + Fuel from destination to most distant alternate (if alternate is required) + 45 minutes calculated at normal cruise
How do you know if you need a alternate?
1-2-3 Rule
A destination alternate is always required, unless
- an instrument approach is published and available for the destination, and
- for at least 1 hour before and 1 hour after ETA:
-ceilings will be at least 200ft above the airport and
-visibility will be at least 3sm
Min WX conditions required at an airport to list it as an alternate?
-For a precision approach
-600ft ceilings and 2sm visibility
-For a non precision approach
-800ft ceilings and 2sm visibility
-If no instrument approach available at the alternate
ceiling and visibility must allow descent from MEA, approach and landing under VFR.
IFR takeoff Minimums?
(91.175)
No takeoff minimums mandated for part 91
-Part 121,125,129, and 135:
prescribed take off minimums for the runway, or if none:
-1-2 engines airplanes: 1sm Visibility
-More than 2 engines: 1/2sm visibility
What is a departure procedure? (DP)
-Ensures obstacle clearance , provided:
-the airplane crossed the departure end of the runway at least 35ft AGL
-reaches 400ft all before turning, and
-climbs at least 200ft Per/NM or as published otherwise on the chart
how do you calculate FPM from FPNM?
FPM = FPNM X Groundspeed / 60
when are pilots encouraged to file a DP?
at night, during marginal VMC or IMC
What are the 2 types of DPs?
Obstacle departure procedure (ODP)
-provides only obstacle clearance
-printed either textually or graphically
-graphic ODPs are titled “(Obstacle)”
Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
-in addition to obstacle clearance it reduces pilot and controller workload by simplifying ATC Clearance and minimizing radio communications
-may depict special radio failure procedures
-Sids are always printed graphically
are you required to accept a DP?
No you are not, to avoid it state “NO SIDs” in the flight plans remarks sections.
What is a VCOA?
Visual Climb Over Airport
-A departure option for IFR aircraft in VMC
-The pilot visually conducts turns over the airport up to the published “climb to” altitude
-Advise ATC as early as possible prior to departure of the intent to fly a VCOA
What is a STAR?
Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR)
-Serves as a transition between the enroute structure and a point from which an approach to landing can be made
-Transition routes connect enroute fixes to the basic STAR procedure
-Can state “NO STARS” in remarks section of flight plan to avoid it
What are the minimum IFR Altitudes?
91.177
-Except for take off or landing, or otherwise authorized by the FAA, no person may operate an aircraft under IFR below-
-Minimum altitudes prescribed for the flown segment or if none-
-Mountainous areas: 2000ft above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4NM from the course
-Non-Mountainous areas: 1000ft above the highest obstacle within a 4NM from the course
MCA?
Minimum Crossing altitude- the lowest altitude at certain fixes that an airplane must cross when flying in the direction of a higher MEA
MOCA?
Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude- provides obstacle clearance and navigation coverage up to 22NM of the VOR
MORA?
Minimum Off Route Altitude- Provides obstruction clearance within 10nm to either side of the airway centerlines and within a 10nm radius at the ends of the airways
