Ch. 07 - Groups/Teams

Question 1

group

Answer 1

two or more people interacting interdependently to achieve a common goal

Question 2

formal work groups

Answer 2

groups that are established by organizations to facilitate the achievement of organizational goals

Question 3

informal groups

Answer 3

groups that emerge naturally in response to the common interests of organizational members

Question 4

additive tasks

Answer 4

tasks in which group performance is dependent on the sum of the performance of individual group members

Question 5

disjunctive tasks

Answer 5

tasks in which group performance is dependent on the performance of the best group member

Question 6

process losses

Answer 6

group performance difficulties stemming from the problems of motivating and coordinating larger groups

Question 7

conjunctive tasks

Answer 7

tasks in which group performance is limited by the performance of the poorest group member

Question 8

norms

Answer 8

collective expectations that members of social units have regarding the behaviour of each other

Question 9

roles

Answer 9

positions in a group that have a set of expected behaviours attached to them

Question 10

role ambiguity

Answer 10

lack of clarity of job goals or methods

Question 11

role conflict

Answer 11

a condition of being faced with incompatible role expectations

Question 12

intrasender role conflict

Answer 12

a single role sender provides incompatible role expectations to a role occupant

Question 13

intersender role conflict

Answer 13

two or more role senders provide a role occupant with incompatible expectations

Question 14

interrole conflict

Answer 14

several roles held by a role occupant involve incompatible expectations

Question 15

person-role conflict

Answer 15

role demands call for behaviour that is incompatible with the personality or skills of a role occupant

Question 16

status

Answer 16

the rank or social position accorded to group members in terms of prominence, prestige, and respect

Question 17

group cohesiveness

Answer 17

the degree to which a group is attractive to its members

Question 18

social loafing

Answer 18

the tendency to withhold physical or intellectual effort when performing a group task

Question 19

psychological safety

Answer 19

a shared belief that it is safe to take social risks

Question 20

team reflexivity

Answer 20

the extent to which teams deliberately discuss team processes and goals and adapt their behaviours accordingly

Question 21

shared mental models

Answer 21

team members share similar information about how they should interact and what their task is

Question 22

collective efficacy

Answer 22

shared beliefs that a team can successfully perform a given task

Question 23

team resilience

Question 24

self-managed work teams

Answer 24

work groups that have the opportunity to do challenging work under reduced supervision

Question 25

cross-functional teams

Answer 25

work groups that bring people with different functional specialties together to better invent; design, or deliver a product or service

Question 26

superordinate goals

Answer 26

attractive outcomes that can be achieved only by collaboration

Question 27

virtual teams: work groups that use technology to communicate and collaborate across time, space, and organizational boundaries