Ch 1 Flashcards
1
Q
What is a personality theory?
A
- An organized collect of concepts and assumptions about how best to regard people and study them
2
Q
What is a good definition of personality?
A
- The internal and external aspects of a person’s character that influence behavior in different situations`
3
Q
Implicit Personality Theories
A
- Ideas held by people not based on data
4
Q
Fundamental Attribution Error
A
- Tendency to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences on other’s behavior
- Mainly attributing fundamental differences to a person’s disposition and ignoring the situational factors that would influence their behavior
5
Q
Construct
A
A theoretical concept that has no physical reality and cannot be directly observed (e,g., extraversion, locus of control, narcissism
6
Q
Actor Observer Difference
A
- Tendency to attribute other’s behavior to traits/internal causes and attribute our behavior to situational factors
7
Q
Maddi’s 3 Models of Personality Theories
A
- Conflict, Fulfillment, Consistency
- Discussed how different theorists consider what made people’s personalities the way they are (influences on personality)
8
Q
Conflict Model
A
- People are continuously caught between two strong and often opposite forces
- People who followed this model: Freud, Jung, and Erikson
9
Q
Fulfillment Model
A
One powerful force within an individual; life = increasing expression of this force
- People who believed this model: Rogers, and Maslow
10
Q
How do we study and assess personality? [placeholder]
A
.
11
Q
Nomothetic Methods
A
- Experimental research concerning laws of behavior that can be applied to people in general
12
Q
Idiographic Methods
A
- Emphasizes the intense study of single individuals
13
Q
Validity
A
- Extent to which an assessment device measures what is intended to measure
14
Q
Reliability
A
- Consistency of response to a psychological assessment device
15
Q
Test- retest Reliability
A
- How consistent are scores over time
