Ch 1

Question 1

Methane

Answer 1

Structure: H-CH2-H
Formula: CH4

Question 2

Ethane

Answer 2

Structure: H-CH2-CH2-H
CH3-CH3
Formula: C2H6

Question 3

Propane

Answer 3

Structure: H-(CH2)3-H
CH3CH2CH3
Formula: C3H8
/\

Question 4

Butane

Answer 4

Structure: H-(CH2)4-H
Formula: C4H10

Question 5

Pentane

Answer 5

Structure: H-(CH2)5-H
Formula: C5H14

Question 6

Hexane

Answer 6

Structure: H-(CH2)6-H
Formula: C6H14

Question 7

Heptane

Answer 7

Structure: H-(CH2)7-H
Formula: C7H16

Question 8

Octane

Answer 8

Structure: H-(CH2)8-H
Formula: C8H18

Question 9

Nonane

Answer 9

Structure: H-(CH2)9-H
Formula: C9H20

Question 10

Decane

Answer 10

Structure: H-(CH2)10-H
Formula: C10H22

Question 11

Undecane

Answer 11

Structure: H-(CH2)11-H
Formula: C11H24

Question 12

Dodecane

Answer 12

Structure: H-(CH2)12-H
Formula: C12H26

Question 13

Alkane

Answer 13

Saturated hydrocarbon (C and H)
C H
n 2n+2

Question 14

Bonding Molecular Orbitals vs Antibonding Molecular Orbitals

Answer 14

Bonding: lower energy than atomic orbitals
Antibonding: higher energy than atomic orbitals

Question 15

Alkane vs Alkene vs Alkyne

Answer 15

Alkane: all single bonds
Alkene: double bond
Alkyne: triple bond

Question 16

Node

Answer 16

Region around the nucleus where probability of e- is 0

Question 17

Delocalization

Answer 17

E- pairs that can appear in one place and then another place in resonance structures

Question 18

Isomers

Answer 18

Different compounds w/ same molecular formula

Question 19

Resonance structure rules

Answer 19

1. Must have net charge of 0
2. Must have same # of unpaired e-

Question 20

Major contributor resonance structure preference is determined by what factors

Answer 20

1. Structure w/ the smallest separation of oppositely charged atoms
2. Structure where the negative charge resides on the most electroneg atom and positive charge on least electroneg atom

Question 21

Electronegative atoms favor…

Answer 21

Polar covalent bonds
(E- distribution is polarized ex. Oo)

Question 22

Dipole moment

Answer 22

Leans towards more electronegative atom
The larger the difference in electronegativity, between the bonded atoms, the larger the dipole moment

Question 23

Electrostatic / Coulombic

Answer 23

Forces between charged particles (ex. Ionic bond)

Question 24

Lattice energy

Answer 24

Force of attraction between cations and anions

Question 25

E- affinity

Answer 25

Energy change by e- addition

Question 26

Exothermic

Answer 26

Energy releasing reactions (-) Ex. Cl + e- -> Cl-

Question 27

Endothermic

Answer 27

Processes that absorb energy to dislodge e- (+) Ex. Na-> Na+ e-

Question 28

4 bond pairs

Answer 28

E- pair arrangement: Tetrahedral Molecular shape: Tetrahedral

Question 29

2 bond pairs + 2 lone pairs

Answer 29

E- pair arrangement: Tetrahedral Molecular shape: Bent 105

Question 30

3 bond pairs + 1 lone pair

Answer 30

E- pair arrangement: Tetrahedral Molecular shape: Trigonal Pyramidal 107

Question 31

3 bond pairs

Answer 31

E- pair arrangement: Trigonal Planar Molecular shape: Trigonal Planar 120 degrees

Question 32

Methyl group

Answer 32

-CH3

Question 33

Methylene group

Answer 33

-CH2

Question 34

Methine group

Answer 34

-CH

Question 35

Neopentane

Answer 35

CH3 CH3-C-CH3 CH3

Question 36

Ethylene

Answer 36

H H \ / C = C / \ H H

Question 37

Acetylene

Answer 37

H-C|||C-H

Question 38

Isobutane

Answer 38

CH3CHCH3 CH3

Question 39

Isopentane

Answer 39

CH3CHCH2CH3 CH3

Question 40

N-butane

Answer 40

CH3CH2CH2CH3

Question 41

N-pentane

Answer 41

CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

Question 42

Butyl group (n-butyl)

Answer 42

CH3CH2CH2CH3-

Question 43

1-Methylpropyl group (sec-butyl)

Answer 43

CH3 CH3CH2CH-

Question 44

2-Methylpropyl group (isobutyl)

Answer 44

CH3 CH3CHCH2-

Question 45

1,1-Dimethylethyl group (tert-butyl)

Answer 45

CH3 CH3C- CH3

Question 46

Alkyl groups

Answer 46

Remove hydrogen atom from alkane CH4 - methane, CH3 - methyl

Question 47

Hexyl

Answer 47

CH3(CH2)4CH2-

Question 48

Heptyl

Answer 48

CH3(CH2)5CH2-

Question 49

Octadecyl

Answer 49

CH3(CH2)16CH2-

Question 50

Ethyl group

Answer 50

CH3CH2-

Question 51

Propyl group

Answer 51

CH3CH2CH2-