Ch. 1

Question 0

Greece Characteristics

Answer 0

• surrounded by water= good for trade
• lack of land forced expansion
• expansion from Spain to Egypt
• mountains and island country restricts farming
• divided into city-sates
• small= easy to rule

Question 1

Democracy

Answer 1

• Rule of the people
• gov’t controlled
  
  • directly
  • representatives

Question 2

City-State

Answer 2

• Polis
  
  • acropolis
  • walled main city; marketplace, theaters, home

Question 3

Aristocracy

Answer 3

nobles that protect the king or queen

Question 4

What age did a male have to be to be considered a citizen

Answer 4

30

Question 5

Political structure

Answer 5

• 2 kings=balance power
• council of elders=advise monarchs
• assembly=citizens approve decisions
• 5 ephors=help day to day affairs

Question 6

The idea of democracy started where?

Answer 6

Athens Greece

• 1st democracy
• 2nd aristocracy

Question 7

Solon 594 B.C.

Answer 7

• passed a law outlawing slavery based on debt
• 4 classes of citizenship
• 3 highest classes could hold office
• all classes could vote
• gov’t positions open only to the wealthy

Question 8

Clesisthenes 507 B.C.

Answer 8

• recognized the assembly (30 yrs+)
• this broke up the power of the nobility
• allowed citizens to create laws=legislature
• CREATED THE COUNCIL OF 500
• REWARDED AS THE FOUNDER OF DEMOCRACY

Question 9

Pericles 460 B.C.

Answer 9

-Athens would defeat Persians in the Persian War making them the most powerful city-state
-direct democracy
-believes that everyone should participate in democracy
-Sparta would end “Golden Age” by defeating Athens in the Peloponnesian war
-

Question 10

Who were the three philosophers?

Answer 10

S.P.A. = Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

Question 11

Socrates

Answer 11

• anti-sophist=a supporter of traditional values and ideas
• The greatest good was?= God
• did not write books
• supported democracy

Question 12

Plato

Answer 12

-student of socrates
-set up the Academy
-believed that meritocracy would best serve the interest of people
-3 classes
~workers=necessities
~Philosopher/king=rule
~military=defend
-society run not by the richest or most powerful but by the wisest
-did not support democracy because he felt that people have too much power

Question 13

Aristotle

Answer 13

• The Lyceum=school
• a constitutional gov’t should be headed by the middle class
• the law can’t appeal to the constitution
• NO ONE IS ABOVE THE LAW

Question 14

Where did the idea of a republic begin?

Answer 14

Rome

-republic= a thing of the people

Question 15

Ancient Rome’s characteristics

Answer 15

• Mediterranean Sea access

- they farm

Question 16

Patricians vs. plebians

Answer 16

• patricians=nobles

- plebians=lower class

Question 17

Senate?

Answer 17

• 300
• made laws
• chose consuls

Question 18

Consuls?

Answer 18

• 2
• 1 year term
• could bot be re-elected for 10 years because of checks and balances for business and military

Question 19

Dictator?

Answer 19

-6 months at a time

Question 20

Tribunes?

Answer 20

• veto law
• 10 of them
• elected by commoners
• arrest any official

Question 21

Assemblies?

Answer 21

• vote
• jury by your peers
• DECLARE WAR!!!

Question 22

What was the first form of written laws?

Answer 22

• the twelve tables

- written in stone can’t be changed

Question 23

Greece and Rome believed in many gods, this is called what?

Answer 23

polytheistic

Question 24

Julius Caesar

Answer 24

- made jobs for people - grants citizenship on the outskirts of Rome - gave public land to the poor - assassinated in the senate in 44 B.C.

Question 25

Augustus Caesar

Answer 25

- grand nephew of Julius | - under his rule rome went from a republic to an empire

Question 26

Pax Romana

Answer 26

-Roman peace of 200 years

Question 27

Law of nations?

Answer 27

This natural law concept will be revisited during the enlightenment era; a key component in the U.S. Declaration of Independence

Question 28

Five books in the Torah?

Answer 28

Genesis, exodus, leviticus, numbers, and deuteronomy

Question 29

The 10 comandments

Answer 29

- first 4 deal with relationship with God | - last 6 deal with the Jews and their moral relationship with one another

Question 30

What caused the Jews to scatter?

Answer 30

Diaspora

Question 31

First four books of the bible?

Answer 31

Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John

Question 32

Who doubted Jesus and why?

Answer 32

Romans, because they thought he was a threat because it can cause those to take over Roman rule. Gentiles-no jews people in the jewish church

Question 33

Difference between Christianity and Judaism?

Answer 33

- Christians focus on Jesus as the messiah, to be the center of there faith - Judaism, just Old Testament

Question 34

Hierarchy?

Answer 34

- a group of persons arranged in order of rank. | - a system of church in government by clergy

Question 35

Feudalism

Answer 35

-loosely organized system of rule, lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords.

Question 36

Who fought for the right to become the next king in England in 1066? Who won?

Answer 36

- William of Normandy and Harold of England | - William of normandy won and became known as "William the Conqueror"

Question 37

How did William the conqueror alter feudalism?

Answer 37

he built an efficient system of tax collecting=cenus

Question 38

What was the Magna Carta a result of?

Answer 38

Henry II attempted to gain more royal power