Ch. 1-2

Question 1

A term, idea, or category

Answer 1

Concept

Question 2

The manner in which something is understood or interpreted

Answer 2

Conception

Question 3

The study of human society and of the structured interactions among people within society. Distinct from the natural sciences such as physics and biology

Answer 3

Social Science

Question 4

The institutions and offices through which societies are governed

Answer 4

Government

Question 5

The institutions and organizations through which a society reaches and successfully enforced collective decisions

Answer 5

Political System

Question 6

The process by which decisions, laws and policies are made, with or without the input of formal institutions

Answer 6

Governance

Question 7

The process by which people negotiate and compete in the process of making and executing shared or collective decisions

Answer 7

Politics

Question 8

The capacity to bring about intended effects.

• The term is often used as a synonym for influence, but is also used more narrowly to refer to more forceful modes of influence
• Example: getting one’s way by threats

Answer 8

Power

Question 9

The right to rule

• _______ creates its own power, so long as people accept that the person in __________ has the right to make decisions

Answer 9

Authority

Question 10

A _________ system of government is one based on authority, and those subject to its rule recognize it’s right to make decisions

Answer 10

Legitimate

Question 11

A system of connected beliefs, a shared view of the world, or a blueprint for how politics, economics and society should be structured

Answer 11

Ideology

Question 12

The systematic study of government and politics in different countries, designed to better understand them by drawing out their contrasts and similarities

Answer 12

Comparative Politics

Question 13

A system of classification by which states, institutions, processes, political cultures, and so on are divided into groups or types with common sets of attributes

Answer 13

Typology

Question 14

A political typology that divided the world along ideological lines, with states labeled according to the side they took in the Cold War

Answer 14

Three Worlds System

Question 15

The relationship between political activity and economic performance

Answer 15

Political Economy

Question 16

The total domestic and foreign output by residents of a country in a given year

Answer 16

Gross National Income

Question 17

The legal and political authority of a territory containing a population and marked by borders.

• The _______ defines the political authority of which government is the managing authority; that authority is regarded as both sovereign and legitimate by the citizens of the state and the governments of other states

Answer 17

State

Question 18

The ultimate source of authority in a society.

• _________ is the highest and final decision-maker within a community

Answer 18

Sovereignty

Question 19

A full member of a state, entitled to the rights and subject to the duties associated with that status.

• usually confined in a document such as a passport or identity card

Answer 19

Citizen

Question 20

The modern state system that is based on the sovereignty of states and political self-determination

Answer 20

Westphalian System

Question 21

Rights such as life, liberty, and property that were supposedly given to humans by God or by nature, their existence taken to be independent of government

Answer 21

Natural Rights

Question 22

War requiring the mobilization of the population to support a conflict fought with advanced weaponry on a large geographical scale, requiring state leadership, intervention and funding

Answer 22

Total War

Question 23

An arrangement which the government is primarily responsible for the social and economic security of its citizens through public programs

• Example: incomes for the unemployed, pensions for the elderly, and medical care for the sick

Answer 23

Welfare State

Question 24

States that are small in both population and territory

• Example: Andorra, Barbados, Palau, and the Maldives

Answer 24

Microstate

Question 25

States that exist and are recognized under international law but whose governments control little of the territory under their jurisdiction

Answer 25

Quasi-states

Question 26

States that are NOT recognized under international law even though they control territory and provide governance - They exist in fact rather than under law (de jure)

Answer 26

De Facto States

Question 27

A cultural and historical concept describing a group of people who identify with one another on the basis of a shared history, culture, language, and myths

Answer 27

Nation

Question 28

The ability to act without external compulsion - The right of national ___________ is the right of a people to process its own government, democratic or otherwise

Answer 28

Self-determination

Question 29

The belief that a group of people with a common national identity (usually a shared culture or history) has the right to form an independent state and to govern itself free of external intervention

Answer 29

Nationalism

Question 30

A population that lives over an extended area outside its geographical or ethnic homeland

Answer 30

Diaspora

Question 31

A sovereign political association whose citizens share a common national identity

Answer 31

Nation-state

Question 32

A state consisting of multiple national groups under a single government

Answer 32

Multinational state

Question 33

The process by which the links between people, corporations, and governments in different states become integrated through such factors as trade, investment, communication and technology

Answer 33

Globalization

Question 34

Cooperative bodies whose members are states that are established by treaty, possess a permanent secretariat and legal identity, and operate according to stated rules and with some autonomy

Answer 34

Intergovernmental organizations

Question 35

The process by which states build economic and political ties that result in some pooling of authority over areas of policy where they believe that cooperation is better than competition

Answer 35

Regional integration

Question 36

A state that makes efforts to follow the activities of its citizens through such means as closed-circuit television and the monitoring of phone calls and internet use

Answer 36

Security state

Question 37

A state with weak governing institutions, often deep internal divisions, and where the basic needs of people are no longer met - Example: Eritrea, Haiti, Somalia, Syria and Yemen

Answer 37

Failing state