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Chemistry B11 > Ch 1,2,3 > Flashcards

Ch 1,2,3 Flashcards

1
Q

Scientific Method

A

Observation —Law
Hypothesis
Experiment
Conclusion/ Theory

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2
Q

Metric measurement for LENGTH

A

meter (m)

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3
Q

Metric measurement for VOLUME

A

Liter (L)

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4
Q

Metric measurement for MASS

A

gram (g)

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5
Q

Metric measurement for TEMPERATURE

A

degree celsius (*c)

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6
Q

Name 2 Unit Measurement for Volume

Measure liquid

A

Liter (L) and Milliliter (mL)

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7
Q

1 Liter (L)=

A

1000 mL

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8
Q

1 gal. =

A

4 qts.

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9
Q

1 qt=

A

4 cups

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10
Q

946 mL =

A

1 qt.

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11
Q

Name 2 measurements for Length

A

Meter (m) and centimeter (cm)

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12
Q

1m=

A

100 cm

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13
Q

1 mi =

A

5280 ft

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14
Q

1 yd =

A

3 ft

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15
Q

2.54 cm =

A

1 in

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16
Q

Name 2 measurements used for Mass

A

Gram (g) and Kilogram (kg)

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17
Q

1 kg =

A

1000 g

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18
Q

1 lb =

A

16 oz

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19
Q

454 g =

A

1 lb

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20
Q

Water freezes at

A

0C or 32F

21
Q

What prefixes make units smaller

A

Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro

22
Q

What prefix makes units larger

A

Kilo

23
Q

Kilo

A

Increases by 1000 x’s 10^3

I kg = 1000g

24
Q

Deci

A

(d)
0.1
10^-1
1g=10dg

25
Q

centi

A

(c)
0.01
10^-2
1g=100cg

26
Q

Milli

A

(m)
0.001
10^-3
1g=1000mg

27
Q

Micro

A

(*)
0.000 001
10^-6
1g=1,000,000mcg

28
Q

English Equalities for Length

Ft,yd,mi

A

1ft=12in
1yd=36in=3ft
1mi=5280ft

29
Q

English Equalities for Volume

Gal,qt,pt,c,cm3(cc)

A 
1gal=4qt
1qt=2pt
1pt=2c
1c=8floz
1cm3=1cc=1mL
30
Q

English Equalities for Mass

Lb, ton

A

1lb=16oz

1 ton=2000 lb

31
Q

*English to Metric Equalities
Volume?
Length?
Mass?

A

Volume 1qt=946mL (round 3 sig fig)
Length 1in=2.54cm (exact)
Mass 1lb=454g (round 3 sig fig)

32
Q

1000m=

A

1km

33
Q

1g=

A

100cg

34
Q

1L

A

1000mL

35
Q

Write a conversion factor for this equality

60min=1hr

A

60 min = 1h
_______. ____
1h. 60min

36
Q

Write a conversion factor for this equality

1m=100cm

A

100cm. =. 1m
______. _______
1m. 100cm

37
Q

Convert: liters and milliliters

A

1L=1000mL
____ _____
1000. 1L

38
Q

Convert centimeters to inches

A

2.54cm= 1in
________. ______
1in. 2.54cm

39
Q

Convert meters and kilometers

A

1000m= 1km
_______. ______
1km. 1000m

40
Q

Percentage Problems

Name 2 rules

A
  1. When it’s a percent always denominate with 100
  2. Use the same unit in the numerator and denominator

18% body fat by mass:
100 kg body mass= 18kg of body fat
__________________. _________________
18kg of body fat. 100kg of body mass

41
Q

Problem solving using conversion factors

Baby weighs 7lb and 14 oz. How many pounds only? Use decimal answer

A

7lb 14oz

14oz (1lb. )=0.875lb
______
16oz

7lb+0.875lb=7.875lb baby

42
Q

Problem solving using conversion factors

A rattlesnake is 2.44m long. How many cm long is the rattle snake?

A

2.44m=cm

2.44m(100cm)= 2.44cm
_________
1m

Cancel out m. 2.44x100=244cm

43
Q

Problem solving using conversion factors

A bottle contains 1.5 qts of wine. How many liters of wine is that?

A

1.5 qts =Liters
1.5 qts (946mL)(1L)=
_________. _____
1qt. 1000mL

1.5x946/100=1.419L

44
Q

2 rules for numerator and denominators

A

Numerator: multiply
Denominator : down denominator divide
(Divide two multiplication )

45
Q

Counting Significant Figures

A
  1. ) Nonzero #’s are counted as significant
  2. 987 5 sig.fig
  3. ) Zero BEFORE the nonzero # is not significant : “Leading zero”
  4. 43987 5 sig fig. 0.00086 kg 2 sig fig

3.) Zero BETWEEN nonzero # is a significant fig
6042mm 4 sig. 400009605mm 9sig

4.) zero AFTER nonzero # “Trailing zero”
-if there isn’t a decimal point it is Not sig
-if there is a decimal point it Is sig
4800 dg. 2 sig fig. 19640 cg. 5 sigfig
0.007600007200 mL 10 sig fig (only last 2 zeros count because of decimal

5.) Exact Numbers: no equipment used
-no limitations -infinity of sig #s
A: definition 12 in=1ft : infinity s.f.
10 dg=1g: infinity s.f.

    B: Numbers obtained by counting look at their              label.  
          27 students     Infinity
          27 inches.        2 sig fig (used by ruler)
46
Q

Significant conversion

A

Length 1 in= 2.54 cm. infinity sig definition
Volume 1qt= 946 mL. 3 sig calc round
Mass 1lb=454g. 3 sig calc round

Use metric are infinity except mL/L

47
Q

Calculations with Significant figures

ADD/ SUB

A
  1. Calc and write answer down
  2. Determine least precise (least info) original number
  3. Final answer is limited to same decimal place(least precise #)
48
Q

Calculations with Significant figures

Mult/ Divide

A
  1. Calculate write answer
  2. Determine the # of sig fig in original #s
  3. Final answer has same sig fig as original # with fewest sig fig

Chemistry B11 (8 decks)

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