Ch 1 & 2 Notes

Question 1

Define Interdependence

Answer 1

Mutual influence two people have over one another

Question 2

two defining features of any relationship

Answer 2

bidirectionality
exsists over time

Question 3

Define a close relationship

Answer 3

“strong, frequent, and diverse interdependence that lasts over a
considerable period of time.”

Question 4

7 common attributes of Intimate relationships

Answer 4

1. Desire
2. Idealization
3. Disclosure
4. Coordination
5. Proximity
6. Prioritizing
7. Caring

Question 5

Are people in intimate relationships are generally happier than people who are not in
intimate relationships?

Answer 5

YES

Question 6

Negative outcomes of discordant relationships can be:

Answer 6

– Greater susceptibility to the common cold
– Poorer wound healing (60% the rate of nondiscordant couples)
– Higher mortality rates
– Increased risk of hypertension
– Increased risk of periodontal disease and dental
caries
– Increased risk of being diagnosed with and dying
from cancer

Question 7

Happiness-maximizing number of sexual partners in the past year is calculated to be

Answer 7

1

Question 8

How much does a womans household income drop after divorce?

Answer 8

58%

Question 9

protection effects

Answer 9

partners in the paswhich capture the idea that something real about being in a committed relationship does provide some measure of protection that is not otherwise available to single or cohabiting individuals.

Question 10

Selection effects

Answer 10

inate way we choose based on how we are.

Question 11

Parental marriage affects childrens well bring. In what ways?

Answer 11

– Lower levels of poverty
– Higher levels of education
– Fewer emotional problems
– Fewer behavioral problems

Question 12

What is parental relationship satisfaction related to?

Answer 12

– More emotional security
– Fewer emotional problems
– Fewer behavioral problems

Question 13

High parental conflict affects biological processes in
children how?

Answer 13

– Reduced quality of sleep
– Speeding up the onset of puberty
– More physical health problems

Question 14

are divorced people more likely to vote?

Answer 14

NOPE

Question 15

How much money does family disruption cause the UK yearly?

Answer 15

58 Million

Question 16

Classmates of children exposed to domestic
violence have lower reading and math scores,
reducing future earnings by up to 4% (BLKANK) years
later!

Answer 16

20

Question 16

DO utilities rise following divorce?

Answer 16

YES

Question 17

Define the Social Control Theory:

Provide two examples:

Answer 17

-Intimate relationships increase the negative consequences of deviant behavior.

– People in intimate, committed relationships are less likely to misuse alcohol and drugs (Maume,Ousey, & Beaver, 2005).
– Intimate relationships help to regulate behavior.

Question 18

Is romantic love fully universal or near universal?

Answer 18

near universal

Question 19

Why is relationship science important?

Answer 19

Given their importance for individual
health and well-being, for children,
and for society, intimate relationships
need to be studied.

Question 20

What are the three components of LOVE?

Answer 20

Passion, Intimacy, and commitment

Question 21

define passion in a relationship

Answer 21

head over
heels,” intense longing,
preoccupation with the
other person, strong
desire for sexual
contact

Question 22

Define Intimate in a relationship

Answer 22

“knowing and
being known,” warmth,
trust, caring,
attachment

Question 23

define commitment in a relationship

Answer 23

“us with a future”

Question 24

Define fatuous Love

Answer 24

In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by passion and commitment, but low levels of genuine intimacy, such as a whirlwind, Hollywood-style romance. See also companionate love, consummate love, romantic love.

Question 25

Define romantic love

Answer 25

In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by passion and intimacy, but low levels of commitment, such as a summer romance. See also companionate love, consummate love, fatuous love.

Question 26

define compassionate love

Answer 26

In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by intimacy and commitment, but low levels of passion, such as a long-term partnership in which sexual passion has dwindled. See also consummate love, fatuous love, romantic love.

Question 27

Define consumate Love

Answer 27

In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by high levels of passion, intimacy, and commitment. See also companionate love, fatuous love, romantic love.

Question 28

What are the two dominant ideas that have provided guidance to understanding how satisfaction/happiness in a relationship changes?

Answer 28

-emergent distress -stability focused

Question 29

Emergent distress included what three models/theories

Answer 29

Social exchange theory Social-ecological models: Behavioural models

Question 30

Stability focused

Answer 30

* Enduring Dynamics Model (Caughlin, Huston, & Houts, 2000) * Attachment Theory (Bowlby, 1973; Fraley & Shaver, 2000) * These two theories provide opposing perspectives on how relationships would be expected to change over time

Question 31

* “There will be ups and downs in marriage” * ____% of marriages * U-shaped curve ____% of marriages * Continuous decline _____%

Answer 31

-18.3% -10.6 -3.6

Question 32

Define Social Exchange theory

Answer 32

“relationships grow, develop, deteriorate, and dissolve as a consequence of an unfolding social-exchange process, which may be conceived as a bartering of rewards and costs both between partners and between members of the partnership and others”

Question 33

Social-ecological models:

Answer 33

“minor stresses originating outside the relationship and spilling over into marriage are particularly deleterious for close relationships as these stresses lead to mutual alienation and slowly decrease relationship quality over time”

Question 34

Enduring Dynamics Model

Answer 34

* Patterns of interaction are set in the early stages of an intimate relationship * Stability once the pattern of interaction is established * Fate of the relationship is largely determined during courtship

Question 35

Attachment Theory

Answer 35

* Relations between infant and caregiver serve as a template, or internal working model, for what to expect in all relationships throughout life * People adopt prototypical patterns of thought, emotion, and behaviors in relationships

Question 36

What is wrong with cross-sectional data

Answer 36

Cross-sectional studies capture data at one time point. You cannot see how a relationship changes with 1 point.

Question 37

Who sustains higher quality marriages.

Answer 37

* Less tendency to become angry * Higher self-esteem * Low levels of stress * Less aggressive * Higher positive affect and low negative affect * Have fewer major marital problems, spend more time together, and have low economic hardship

Question 38

Define theory

Answer 38

interconnected sets of beliefs, knowledge, and assumptions that relate to understanding a phenomenon