Ch 1 & 2 (Quiz 1) Flashcards
Chapter 1 (1- 19) | Chapter 2 (20 - 30) (30 cards)
What is the 3-Tier Architecture?
1- Presentation Tier (Also called: GUI, View).
2- Application Tier (Also called: Business Logic, Control).
3- Data Tier (Also called: Model, Database).
What are the 2 Types of Databases?
1- Traditional.
2- Recent Applications NOSQL (not only SQL).
What are the Types of Traditional Databases?
1- Numeric.
2- Textual.
What are the Types of Recent Applications NOSQL Databases?
1- Multimedia. (Ex. YouTube)
2- Geographic information Systems (GIS). (Ex. Google Maps).
3- Biological & Genome Databases.
What is a Database?
A collection of related Data.
What is Data?
Known facts that can be recorded.
What is a Mini-World?
The part of the real world that is related to the Database.
What is a Database Management System (DBMS) ?
A software to manage the Database.
What is a Database System?
DBMS + Data.
What is Meta-Data?
Its Data that describes other Data.
What are the functionalities of a (DBMS) ? (1)
1 - Define Data Model.
2 - Construct/load a Database.
3 - Manipulate Databases :-
- Queries.
- CRUD Operations. (Create, Read, Update & Delete).
4- Concurrency MGT :-
- Ensures no two entities modify the same record at the same time.
What are additional functionalities of a (DBMS) ? (2)
1 - Security.
2 - Presentation of Data.
3 - Maintenance.
4 - Backup & Recovery.
What are the Main Characteristics of a Database?
1 - Self-describing. (Ex. Meta Data).
2 - Program-data independence. (insulation between programs & data.)
3 - Data Abstraction. (using a Data Model to hide storage details).
4 - Support of Multiple views.
5 - Concurrency support.
What are the Types of Database Users?
1 - Actors on the scene.
2 - Actors behind the scene.
Who are the (Actors on the scene) Database Users?
1 - Database Admin.
2 - Database Designer.
3 - End Users. (Casual, Parametric & Sophisticated).
4 - System analysts & Application Developers.
Who are the (Actors behind the scene) Database Users?
1 - Tool Developers
2 - System Designers & Implementers.
3 - Operators & Maintenance Personnel.
What are the advantages of using the Database Approach? (1)
1 - Controlling Redundancy in Data Storage.
2 - Restricting unauthorized access.
3 - Providing permanent data storage.
4 - Efficient data query processing.
5- Backup & recovery.
What are the advantages of using the Database Approach? (2)
6 - Enforcing Data integrity using data constraints.
7 - Drawing inference relations between stored data.
8 - Potential for enforcing standards.
9 - Reduced application development time.
10 - Flexibility to change Data Structures.
When not to use a (DBMS) ?
1 - Unaffordable cost.
2 - Unnecessary - very simple application.
3 - infeasible - there is no DBMS to serve my purpose.
What are the components of a Data Model?
1 - Structure. (Elements, Group of elements)
2 - Operations. (Basic, User-Defined)
3 - Constraints.
What are the Categories of Data Models?
1 - Conceptual Model (Semantic, High Level) :-
Ex. Entity-Relationship (ER) model
2 - Implementation Model.
3 - Physical Model (Internal, Low-level) :-
Ex. Describes how data is actually stored on hardware.
4 -Self-Describing Model. (It describes itself)
From the table provided :-
A - Which part is the Schema (Meta data) ? and how much do they change?
B - Which part is the instance (state, snapshot) ? and how much do they change?
A - The red outline of the table, it rarely changes.
B - The green outline of the table, it frequently changes.
What is the initial Database (DB) state ?
The first state of the database after it’s loaded or created, before any user data is entered (or with only the starting data).
What is the 3 Schema Architecture?
1 - External Schema. (user view).
2 - Conceptual Schema. (ER models).
3 - Internal Schema. (how data is stored physically).
