Ch. 1-3

Question 1

Structuralism

Answer 1

introspection to reveal the structure of the mind

Question 2

Functionalism

Answer 2

how mental and behavioral processes function; how they enable the organism to adapt, survive and function

Question 3

Basic research

Answer 3

pure science that aims to inc. the scientific knowledge base

Question 4

Applied research

Answer 4

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Question 5

Gestalt psychology

Answer 5

our tendency to integrate pieces of info into meaningful whole

Question 6

psychodynamic osychology

Answer 6

Studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior ; use info to treat psych disorders

Question 7

operational definition

Answer 7

a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study

Question 8

longitudinal study

Answer 8

research that follows and retests people over time

Question 9

cross sectional study

Answer 9

research that compares people of diff ages at the same point in time

Question 10

illusory coorelation

Answer 10

perceiving a relationship where there is none

Question 11

standard deviation

Answer 11

computed measure of how much scores vary around a mean

Question 12

Sampling bias

Answer 12

flawed sampling that creates and unrepresentative sample

Question 13

Inferential stats

Answer 13

numerical data that allows one to generalize - infer from the sample data how true it is for the population

Question 14

descriptive stats

Answer 14

numerical data used to measure and describe characteristics of groups

Question 15

achettylcholine

Answer 15

enables muscle action, learning, and memory

Question 16

sympathetic ns

Answer 16

arouses the body, mobilizes energy

Question 17

parasympathetic ns

Answer 17

calms the body, conserves energy

Question 18

neural networks

Answer 18

clusters of neuron “work groups”

Question 19

lesion

Answer 19

tissue destruction

Question 20

electroencephalogram (eeg)

Answer 20

an amplified recording of waves of electrical activity in the brain; electrodes on the scalp

Question 21

computed tomography (CT)

Answer 21

series of x-rays taken from diff angles and combined by a computer - bones and soft tissue

Question 22

PET scan

Answer 22

a visual display of brain activity that detects where radioactive glucose is used in the brain

Question 23

MRI

Answer 23

uses magnetic fields and radio waves to computer gen images of soft tissues

Question 24

fMRI

Answer 24

reveals blood flow and therefore brain activity by comparing successive fMRI scans

Question 25

Brainstem

Answer 25

oldest part of the brain - automatic survival function

Question 26

medulla

Answer 26

base of the brain stem - automatic survival function

Question 27

cerrebellum

Answer 27

process sensory input, coordinate movement output and balance; enable nonverbal learning and memory

Question 28

limbic system

Answer 28

associated with emotions and drives

Question 29

glial cells

Answer 29

support, nourish, and protect neurons

Question 30

antagonist

Answer 30

a molecule that inhibits or blocks a nts actiona

Question 31

agonist

Answer 31

a molecule that increases a nt's action

Question 32

aphasia

Answer 32

impairment of language, usually caused by damage to left hemisphere

Question 33

corpus callosum

Answer 33

lrg band of neural tissue that connects the 2 hemispheres

Question 34

pons

Answer 34

connects signals that move from higher brain to lower brain

Question 35

midbrain

Answer 35

relay system - transmit vision and hearing info

Question 36

hindbrain

Answer 36

coordinate necessary survival functions

Question 37

forebrain

Answer 37

higher thought and logic

Question 38

terminal buttons

Answer 38

end of axon, send signal on to next neuron

Question 39

receptor sites

Answer 39

place on receiving neurons where nt's bind

Question 40

phonemes

Answer 40

smallest distinctive sound unit

Question 41

gender-typing

Answer 41

the acquisition of traditional masc or fem roles

Question 42

social learning theory

Answer 42

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating

Question 43

gender schema theory

Answer 43

individuals pay more attention to info relevant to their own gender, store info in ways consistent with current schemas

Question 44

teratogens

Answer 44

chemicals or viruses that can reach and damage embryo or fetus

Question 45

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 45

cell clusters in hypothalamus that controls curc rhythm; in response to light

Question 46

REM cycle

Answer 46

rapid eye movement sleep - muscles relaxed, but brain active

Question 47

REM rebound

Answer 47

tendency for REM sleep to inc following REM sleep dec

Question 48

Adaptive theory

Answer 48

periods of [in]activity evolved to conserve energy

Question 49

restorative theory

Answer 49

sleeps allows the body to repair

Question 50

EMG

Answer 50

recording electric activity of muscles

Question 51

EOG

Answer 51

assessment of eye function

Question 52

beta waves

Answer 52

high frequency, low amp - awake

Question 53

Alpha waves

Answer 53

medium-freq - restful and medatative stae

Question 54

Theta waves

Answer 54

state between sleep and wake

Question 55

Delta waves

Answer 55

slowest waves - restorative and healing sleep

Question 56

REM sleep behavior disorder

Answer 56

physically act out vivid dreans

Question 57

manifest content

Answer 57

actual content of dreams

Question 58

latent content

Answer 58

underlying meaning of dreams

Question 59

activation synth

Answer 59

dreams caused by phys process of brain