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T-Nav > Ch 1-4 > Flashcards

Ch 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

What six (6) things should a navigator consider concerning the accuracy of a chart when using it for the first time?

A
  1. Who made the chart?
  2. How old is survey data?
  3. Is the chart up to date?
  4. Does the chart cover an area that is subject to change?
  5. Are the sounding lines thick or thin?
  6. Is the scale of the chart suitable for the area being navigated?
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2
Q

A ___________ chart is used for coastwise navigation outside most of the coastal reefs, shoals, banks, etc. It is the second smallest scaled chart.

A

General Chart

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3
Q

What is defined as: the intersection of the Earth’s surface with a plane that does not pass through the center of the Earth?

A

A Small Circle

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4
Q

What is a line of longitude called?

A

A Meridian

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5
Q

A Mercator chart that is based on a cylinder tangent to the Earth at some great circle other than a meridian or the equator is referred to as what?

A

oblique Mercator projection

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6
Q

What is the datum used most commonly on American charts for the height of objects on land?

A

Mean High Water

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7
Q

A _________ _________ is a line that crosses all meridians at the same angle

A

Rhumb Line

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8
Q

____________ is the difference between Compass North and Magnetic North.

A

Deviation

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9
Q

A projection that depicts the Earth’s surface as formed on a series of cones tangent to the Earth is called?

A

Polyconic projection

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10
Q

What is a line on the surface of the Earth that is defined by the intersection of the Earth’s surface with a plane passing through the center of the Earth?

A

A Great Circle

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11
Q

The largest scale chart is also the chart that shows the greatest detail and is called a _________ _________.

A

Harbor Chart

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12
Q

What is the name for the 3rd smallest scaled chart?

A

Coastal Chart

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13
Q

The __________ of a chart is the ratio of a given distance on the chart to the actual distance on the Earth that it represents.

A

Scale

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14
Q

What is the formula for finding the circumference of a circle?

A

Pi x diameter

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15
Q

On a Mercator projection, _____________ remain the same distance apart on the entire chart, but ____________ get farther apart as one goes from the equator toward the pole.

A

> meridians

> parallels

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16
Q

What is the ditty for going from Magnetic North to True North?

A

Can Dead Men Vote Twice At Elections?

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17
Q

The depth of water on a nautical chart is referred to as?

A

Soundings

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18
Q

What is the datum most commonly used on American charts for depth?

A

Mean lower low water

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19
Q

What is the circumference of the Earth at the equator?

A

21,639 nm

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20
Q

The smallest scale chart used for nautical navigation is referred to as a?

A

Sailing Chart

21
Q

What is a map used for navigation called?

A

A chart

22
Q

The most commonly used projection of the Earth’s surface is a called a _____________ projection

A

Mercator

23
Q

For navigation close to the shore and inside the coastal reefs, shoals or banks a ___________ chart is used.

A

Coastal Chart

24
Q

What is the term for the known reference level given to the depth of water at a given location?

A

A datum

25
Q

What is the circumference of the Earth through the poles?

A

21,567 nm

26
Q

The difference in direction between true north and magnetic north is called?

A

Variation

27
Q

What is the length (in feet) of a Nautical Mile?

A

6076.1 ft

28
Q

A _________ _________ is the shortest distance between two points on the Earth.

A

Great Circle

29
Q

The combination of magnetic variation and deviation is called?

A

Compass error

30
Q

What is the ditty for finding Magnetic North from True North

A

True Virgins Make Dull Companions At Weddings

31
Q

What is the maximum longitude that any place can have?

A

180 degrees

32
Q

The ___________ ____________ _____________ makes charts of American waters.

A

National Oceanic Service (NOS)

33
Q

A ___________ _______________ projection is based on the features on the Earth’s surface being transferred onto the surface of a cone which intersects the Earth at two small circles.

A

Lambert Conformal projection

34
Q

A ____________ projection is one in which the features on the Earth’s surface are projected onto a plane which is tangent to the Earth at a single point.

A

Gnomonic

35
Q

A projection that is based on points on the Earth’s surface being projected onto a cone that is tangent to the Earth is called a?

A

Conic Projection

36
Q

A Mercator chart that is based on a cylinder tangent to the Earth at a meridian instead of at the equator is called?

A

a transverse Mercator projection

37
Q

What is the term used to describe the shape of the Earth?

A

Oblate Spheroid

38
Q

What is described as “based on the concept of points on the Earth’s surface being projected onto a cylinder which is tangent to the Earth?”

A

A Mercator Projection

39
Q

The angular difference between True North and the direction indicated by the north point of the compass is?

A

Compass error

40
Q

Who invented the mercator projection?

A

Gerhard Kremer

41
Q

A ________ ________ is a course measured from either north or south toward either east or west, and it cannot exceed 90 degrees.

A

Course Angle

42
Q

What is the maximum latitude that any place can have?

A

90 degrees

43
Q

The period of _________ years that tides are measured in order to establish a tidal datum is called a ____________ _________.

A

> 19 years

> Metonic Cycle

44
Q

What is it called if the point of tangency on a gnomonic chart is at the north or south pole?

A

Polar Gnomonic Projection

45
Q

A ___________ is defined as the angle between North and the direction in which the ship is moving.

A

Course

46
Q

What is a line of latitude referred as?

A

A Parallel

47
Q

One ___________ mile equals one _________ of _________.

A

> nautical

> minute

> latitude

48
Q

What agency is responsible for making charts of foreign waters?

A

National Geospatial Agency (NGA)

49
Q

What is the value of Pi

A

3.1416

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