CH 1-4

Question 1

What percentage of accidents are the result of human error?

Answer 1

75%

Question 2

What are three pilot qualities

Answer 2

Knowledge
Skill
Ability

Question 3

List the 8 ICAO competencies

Answer 3

Communication, Decision Making, Workload Management, Aircraft FP Management Manual, Aircraft FP Management Automatic, Leadership, Application of Procedures, Situational Awareness

Question 4

Introduced in 1975, what has been attributed to a reduction in hull losses

Answer 4

GPWS

Question 5

What is homeostasis

Answer 5

The regulation of the body’s internal environment

Question 6

Is the nervous system electrical, chemical, or electrochemical?

Answer 6

Electrochemical

Question 7

What do the PNS and CNS do?

Answer 7

PNS relays information from our sensory receptors. CNS analyses and monitors PNS.

Question 8

What is the absolute threshold?

Answer 8

Point at which a receptor acts towards a stimulus

Question 9

What deals with bodily functions such a breathing, blinking, digestion etc?

Answer 9

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 10

What does Boyle’s Law state?

Answer 10

Volume is directly proportional to pressure

Question 11

What does Charles’ Law State?

Answer 11

Volume is directly proportional to temperature

Question 12

What does Gay-Lussac’s Law state?

Answer 12

Temperature is directly proportional to pressure

Question 13

Which law states total pressure is the sum of its partial pressures?

Answer 13

Dalton’s Law

Question 14

What does Henry’s Law State?

Answer 14

Amount of gas dissolved in liquid is directly proportional to pressure

Question 15

What is density at MSL?

Answer 15

1225gm^3

Question 16

What are the ratios of atmospheric partial pressure?

Answer 16

8,000 = 3/4
18,000 = 1/2
36,000 = 1/4

Question 17

What is the partial pressure of blood and water at 12,000feet

Answer 17

Blood = 55mmHg
Water = 47mmHg

Question 18

What are the levels of blood saturation at different altitudes

Answer 18

MSL = 97.5%
10,000 feet = 87%
20,000 feet = 67%

Question 19

At what altitude is 100% oxygen required in a non-pressurised cabin?

Answer 19

33,700feet to 40,000feet to keep body at 10,000 feet

Question 20

What is the lungs average tidal volume?

Answer 20

500ml

Question 21

What is the inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 21

3100ml

Question 22

What is the functional residual capacity?

Answer 22

The combination of residual volume and expiratory reserve capacity

Question 23

What happens to blood during hyperventilation?

Answer 23

Less oxygen, more alkali

Question 24

What controls rate of breathing?

Answer 24

Amount of carbonic acid

Question 25

What altitude does the 4th stage of hypoxia happen?

Answer 25

20-23,000 feet (death)

Question 26

What are the symptoms of hypoxia?

Answer 26

Tingling, Euphoria, cyanosis, increased heart rate, reduced fine motor skills, reduced mental capacity, sweating, increased breathing, dry cough

Question 27

What is the time of useful consciousness at 40,000feet

Answer 27

15-20 seconds (halved if smoker)

Question 28

How do you treat hypoxia?

Answer 28

100% oxygen, descend below 10,000feet (ATC clearance)

Question 29

What causes decompression sickness?

Answer 29

Nitrogen dissolved into blood under high pressure bubbles up when going to low pressure i.e. Climbing in aircraft