Ch. 1

Question 1

the scientific study of the nervous system

Answer 1

neuroscience

Question 2

thinking in productive, unconventional ways

Answer 2

thinking creatively

Question 3

pertaining to illness or treatment

Answer 3

clinical

Question 4

trying to understand biological phenomena by comparing them in different species

Answer 4

evolutionary perspective

Question 5

The study of the structure of the nervous system

Answer 5

Neuroanatomy

Question 6

The study of the chemical bases of neutral activity

Answer 6

Neurochemistry

Question 7

The study of interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system

Answer 7

Neuroendocrinology

Question 8

The study of nervous system disorders

Answer 8

Neuropathology

Question 9

The study of the effects of drugs on neutral activity

Answer 9

Neuropharmocology

Question 10

The study of the functions and activities of the nervous system

Answer 10

Neurophysiology

Question 11

cells that receive and transmit electrochemical signals

Answer 11

neurons

Question 12

The scientific study of the biology of behavior

Answer 12

Biopsychology

Question 13

The division of biopsychology that studies the neural mechanisms of behavior though the direct manipulation and recording of the brain in controlled experiments.

Answer 13

Physiological psychology

Question 14

The division of biopsychology that studies the effects of drugs on the brain and behavior.

Answer 14

Psychopharmacology

Question 15

The outer (neural tissue) layer of the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 15

Cerebral cortex

Question 16

The division of biopsychology that studies the relation between physiological activity and psychological processes in human subjects.

Answer 16

Psychophysiology

Question 17

A measure of the gross electrical activity of the brain, commonly recorded through scalp electrodes.

Answer 17

electroencephalogram (EEG)

Question 18

The division of the nervous system that regulates the body’s inner environment.

Answer 18

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 19

The youngest division of biopsychology, it focuses on the use of functional brain imaging to study the neural bases of human cognition.

Answer 19

Cognitive neuroscience

Question 20

Higher intellectual processes such as thought, memory, attention, and complex perceptual processes

Answer 20

cognition

Question 21

The division of biopsychology that studies the evolution, genetics, and adaptiveness of behavior, often by using the comparative approach.

Answer 21

Comparative psychology

Question 22

The study of animal behavior in its natural environment.

Answer 22

Ethological research

Question 23

The use of several research approaches to solve a single problem

Answer 23

converging operations

Question 24

a neuropsychological disorder that is common in alcoholics and whose primary symptom is severe memory loss

Answer 24

Korsakoff’s syndrome

Question 25

The study of the unobservable

Answer 25

scientific inference

Question 26

carefully assessing the strength of the evidence presented to support an idea

Answer 26

critical thinking

Question 27

The rule that the simplest possible interpretation for a behavioral observation should be given precedence.

Answer 27

Morgan's Canon

Question 28

A surgical procedure in which the connections between the prefrontal lobes and the rest of the brain are cut as a treatment for mental illness.

Answer 28

Prefrontal lobotomy

Question 29

Any of the various surgical devices used for performing lobotomies (leucotomy)

Answer 29

leucotome

Question 30

A prefrontal lobotomy performed with a cutting instrument inserted through the eye socket.

Answer 30

Transorbital lobotomy

Question 31

Any brain surgery, such as prefrontal lobotomy, performed for the treatment of a psychological problem.

Answer 31

psychosurgery