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PSY201 > Ch. 1 Abnormal Psychology: Past & Present > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Abnormal Psychology: Past & Present Flashcards

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1
Q

abnormal psychology

A

the scientific study of abnormal behavior in effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning

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2
Q

clinical scientist

A

gathers information systematically for abnorm psych to explain, describe, predict phenomena

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3
Q

clinical practitioner

A

person who detects, assesses and treats abnorm patterns of fcn

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4
Q

the four D’s of abnorm psych

A

deviance
distress
dysfunctional
dangerous

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5
Q

deviance

A

different, extreme, unusual

- mood congruent affect

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6
Q

distress

A

unpleasant and upsetting to person

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7
Q

dysfunctional

A

interferes w/ daily functioning
- upsets, distracts, or confuses people so they can’t care for themselves properly, participate in ordinary social interactions, or work productivity

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8
Q

dangerous

A

brings risk/harm to self or others

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9
Q

norms

A

stated or unstated rules for proper conduct

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10
Q

abnormal

A

behavior, thoughts, emotions that break norms of psychological functioning
- vary from society to society

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11
Q

culture

A

history, values, institutions, habits, skills, technology and arts of a society

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12
Q

treatment

A

(therapy) a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior

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13
Q

trephination

A

operation w/ trephine (stone instrument)

  • used to cut away circular section of skull
  • ancient treatment
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14
Q

humor

A

bodily chemical that influence mental/physical functioning

- Hippocrates

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15
Q

tarantism

A

(Saint Vitus’ dance) groups of people dance, jump and go into convulsions

  • convinced they’re bitten by tarantula
  • cure by performing dance
  • Middle Ages
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16
Q

lycanthropy

A

people thought they were possessed by wolves or other animals
- Middle Ages

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17
Q

asylum

A

institutions created to cure for people w/ mental illness

- popular during Renaissance

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18
Q

moral treatment

A

19th Cent. approach to treating people w/ mental dysfunction

- emphasis: moral guidance y humane respectful treatment

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19
Q

state hospital

A

state-run public mental US institutions

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20
Q

somatogenic perspective

A

view that abnormal psychology functioning that has physical cuases

(ie) nts imbalance - depression

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21
Q

psychogenic perspective

A

view that chief causes of abnormal functioning due to psychological causes

(ie) depression = situational

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22
Q

hypnotism

A

a procedure that places people in a trancelike mental state during which they become extremely suggestive

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23
Q

mesmerism

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A

healing of pain, numbness or paralysis via hypnosis and touching ailment

24
Q

psychoanalysis

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A

a form of discussion in which clinician help troubled person gain insight into their unconscious psych process

25
outpatient therapy
treatment where patient interacts w/ therapist for given time and returns to daily activity
26
psychotropic medication
drugs that primarily affect the brain and reduces symptoms of mental dysfunctioning
27
antipsychotic drug
drug that corrects extremely confused and distorted thinking
28
antidepressant drug
drug that lifts mood of depressed people
29
antianxiety drug
drug that reduces tension and worry
30
deinstitutionalization
(1950s) releasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals - primary treatment = outpatient therapy
31
private psychotherapy
arrangement where individual pays direct counseling service to a psychotherapist - expensive - available only to wealthy who could afford
32
prevention
interventions aimed @ deterring mental disorders before they develop - for people at risk
33
positive psychology
study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits and abilities
34
multicultural psychology
field of psychology that examines the impact of culture, race, ethnicity, gender and similar factors on our behavior and thoughts - includes abnormal behavior/thoughts
35
managed care program
system of health care coverage in which the insurance company largely controls the nature, scope and cost of med/psych services - dominant form of coverage - therapists/clients no like, not enough time for best treatment
36
case study
detailed description of person's life and psychology problems - includes client history, present symptoms
37
correlation
degree to which events/characteristics vary with each intro
38
correlation method
a research procedure used to determine how much events/characteristics vary along with each other
39
positive correlation
variables change the same way
40
negative correlation
value of one variable increases as the other decreases
41
unrelated
variables do not affect one another
42
correlation coefficient
ranges from +1 to -1 | - measures reliability
43
epidemiological study
a study that measures the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a given population
44
incidence
number of new cases emerging in given time
45
prevalence
total number of cases in population during a specific time | - includes new and old cases
46
experiment
procedure where variable is manipulated and manipulation effect while another variable is observed
47
independent variable
manipulated variable
48
experimental variable
variable being observed
49
confound
variable, other than independent variable, that may also affect dependent variable
50
control group
a group of participants who are not exposed to independent variable but in similar everything else is the same
51
experimental group
group exposed to independent group
52
experimenter bias
experimenters unintentionally transmit desires/perceptions to participants
53
Rosenthal effect
treat placebo and experimental participants differently
54
quasi-experiment
(mixed designs) experiment in which control and experimental groups are real people (already exist) (ie) study children w/ no history of child abuse + children w/ history of abuse
55
natural experiment
experiment in which nature manipulates independent variable (ie) study aftereffects of earthquake on people
56
analogue experiment
experiment where abnormal behavior is created in lab
57
single-subject experimental design
method observing a single subject, measured before and after manipulation of independent variable

PSY201 (3 decks)

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