Ch. 1 and 2

Question 1

Why is the Bible referred to as the “Canon of Scripture”?

Answer 1

is a collection or list of
authoritative writings

Question 2

How was the canon formed?

Answer 2

From Writings on Scrolls to Book form (codex)

Question 3

Why did communities need a Bible

Answer 3

 Purpose: Why do we exist?
 Belief: What do we believe?
 Practice: How do we live it?

Question 4

Who determined the final “Canon of Scripture”?

Answer 4

God

Question 5

What was the criteria for a writing to be included in the “Canon of Scripture”?

Answer 5

• was it received and recognized
• Did they read it
• Passed down (rule of faith)
• Did it have apostolic authority (Apostolicity)
• Prophetic Evidence (could God only have said it)
• Life changing

Question 6

Three stages that formed the Bible (“Canon of Scripture”):

Answer 6

• Stage 1: Composed
• Stage 2: Circulated and Used (smaller communities than larger ones)
• Stage 3: Specific writings became
  the Closed Canon…(The Bible)

Question 7

Old Testament written

Answer 7

1400-430 B.C.E

Question 8

New Testament written

Answer 8

40-90 C.E

Question 9

When did the gathering of the
canon begin

Answer 9

After the first writings “the book
of the law” were found in the
Temple

Question 10

He believed he God of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) was not the Father of Jesus Christ and rejected it.

Answer 10

Marcion

Question 11

religious movement that believed the Old Testament (hebrew bible) was not the Father of Jesus Christ

Answer 11

Marcionism

Question 12

100% certain there is a God of Gods

Answer 12

Gnostic Theist

Question 13

100% certain there is no God of Gods

Answer 13

Gnostic Atheist

Question 14

Believes in a God or Gods, but doesn’t claim to know with 100% certainty

Answer 14

Agnostic Theist

Question 15

Lacks belief in a God or Gods, but doesn’t claim to know with 100% certainty

Answer 15

Agnostic Atheist

Question 16

Influenced by such philosophers as Plato

Answer 16

Gnostics

Question 17

is based on two false premises:
 #1: Matter is evil and spirit is good.
 #2: Claim to possess an elevated
knowledge, a “higher truth” known only to a certain few.

Answer 17

Gnosticism

Question 18

What is the Apocrypha? Was it
included in the “Protestant Canon of
Scripture”? Why or Why No?

Answer 18

hidden or secret (greek word) was taken out of the bible but was in the roman catholic (Deuterocanonical). No because
1. do not claim as same authority
2. Weren’t God’s words
3. Wasn’t considered to be Jesus Scriptures
4. Inconsistent teachings

Question 19

The closing of the canon was a long ___ process ; not an overnight success

Answer 19

discerning

Question 20

is known as the “father of church
history.”

Answer 20

Eusebius

Question 21

the Roman Emperor- adopted Christianity as the religion of the empire.

Answer 21

Constantine

Question 22

He was the first to publish in his Festal Letter of Easter in 367 C.E. a
list of all Old and New Testament books.

Answer 22

Athanasius

Question 23

The First Councils to Classify the
Canonical Books:

Answer 23

1. The Council of Hippo Regius in 393
   C.E. and at Carthage in 397 C.E.
2. The Counter-Reformation Council of Trent (1546)

Question 24

First Canon Known for the New Testament

Answer 24

Muratorian Canon or Muratorian Fragment

Question 25

Did Priest Ezra read the “canon of scripture” from a written form?

Answer 25

No Evidence that written form existed during this time

Question 26

Bible of the First Century

Answer 26

Septuagint

Question 27

written the Vulgate

Answer 27

Saint Jerome

Question 28

List the books in teh Jewish Bible

Answer 28

The Tanakh: * The Torah (Law) * The Nevi’im (Prophets) * The Ketuvim (Writings)

Question 29

Whats the bibles called in the Christian Bible. and how many in each

Answer 29

- Old Testament (39 Books) * New Testament (27 Books)

Question 30

What are the three original languages of the Bible

Answer 30

Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek

Question 31

What is the Vulgate

Answer 31

Latin

Question 32

rivals of the church (worship of mini Gods) (BIGGEST CHALLENGE)

Answer 32

polytheism

Question 33

stated there were no more than authoritative writings after the book of Malachai

Answer 33

Josephus

Question 34

How did they pass down the bible?

Answer 34

Oral Tradition

Question 35

Do we have the right books in the canon?

Answer 35

Yes, Confidence in God’s faithfulness God is not a trickster or wants his people to fail He confirmed the 3 fold division of our canonical books

Question 36

Old Testament matches the Jewish Tanakh, but some of the books are grouped differently

Answer 36

Protestant Christians

Question 37

Old Testament matches the Protestant Christian Bible in organization, but the Catholic Old Testament contains more books

Answer 37

Roman Catholic Christians

Question 38

Old Testament contains even more books

Answer 38

Eastern Orthodox Christians

Question 39

Why do they agree on the New Testament, but not so much on the Old Testament?

Answer 39

timing

Question 40

The Hebrew Bible refers to the first five books of the Bible as

Answer 40

The Torah

Question 41

The Greek word for the first five books of the Bible

Answer 41

The Pentateuch

Question 42

The major teachings of the Bible can be classified into four characteristics

Answer 42

- The Authority of Scripture  The Clarity of Scripture  The Necessity of Scripture  The Sufficiency of Scripture

Question 43

How did the Dead Sea Scrolls impact the Hebrew bible?

Answer 43

ccurred in 1947 in Qumran, a goat threw a rock into the caves and made a crackling soung that hit a ceramic pot that contained tens of thousands of scroll fragments

Question 44

The Dead Sea Scrolls included every book in the Hebrew bible except ___

Answer 44

The Book of Esther

Question 45

Moses wrote the __/___ and is the writer of the __ books of the bible

Answer 45

Pentateuch (Greek)/Torah (Hebrew) 5

Question 46

How was the og Bible compiled

Answer 46

It was placed in the Ark of the Covenant

Question 47

During the time of ___ ___ ___, the books already compiled were placed in the temple treasury and cared for by the ___ who served in the temple

Answer 47

David and Soloman priests

Question 48

The only way to distribute or preserve a text before the printing press was to

Answer 48

copy

Question 49

Copying Rule System:

Answer 49

1. Count the words 2. Every line on a given page had to be the same in number of words as the og. 3. Another person verify

Question 50

Closing of the Canon: name the 5 ppl

Answer 50

Eusebius, Constantine, Athanasius, Josephus, Councils

Question 51

method of research

Answer 51

Textual Criticism

Question 52

There are three primary methods to Textual Criticism:

Answer 52

1. Textus Receptus - Erasmus responsible for KJV (King James Version) and NKJV 2. Majority Text - compares the differences between majority of text 3. Critical/Ecletic Method - consider evidence

Question 53

rabbis who had these callings that we had these og texts

Answer 53

Masoretes

Question 54

comes from the word masora. Masoretes introduced the vowel signs to guarantee correct pronunciation

Answer 54

Masoretic Text

Question 55

What were the earliest partial copies of the New Testament written on?

Answer 55

1. Papyrus (credit card size) 2. Uncials - uppercase letters 3. Vellum - writing material made of leather 4. Codex - 1st form of book

Question 56

Which manuscripts from the 4th Century are forms of books or loose leaves that further validates the New Testament?

Answer 56

Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus

Question 57

found on Mount Sinai

Answer 57

Codex Vaticanus

Question 58

found in the Vatican library

Answer 58

Codex Sinaiticus

Question 59

Marked the divisions in the bible

Answer 59

Codex Alexandrinus

Question 60

What is Formal Correspondence? Ex?

Answer 60

Word for Word Translation ex: King James Version

Question 61

What is Dynamic Equivalence? Ex?

Answer 61

Paraphrase translation ex: NLT

Question 62

What is the English translation that adheres most closely to the formal correspondence?

Answer 62

ASV

Question 63

Which translations are produced by a single individual?

Answer 63

The Message (Eugene H. Peterson) and JB Philips

Question 64

What is the best way to determine which Bible translation one should read?

Answer 64

* Preface...to discover the strategy behind that translation * Understand the purpose for your reading

Question 65

What did KJV rely on for its basis for translation?

Answer 65

Textus Receptus

Question 66

how many books are in the bible

Answer 66

66

Question 67

Jewish (Old Testament) is written in

Answer 67

Hebrew

Question 68

New Testament is written in

Answer 68

Greek

Question 69

Septuagint

Answer 69

Greek

Question 70

He refurbished the temple in the late 5th-6th century

Answer 70

King Josiah

Question 71

The Hebrew Bible refers to the 1st 5 books of the bible as ___ ___

Answer 71

The Torah

Question 72

The Greek Bible refers to the 1st 5 books of the bible as ___ ___

Answer 72

The Pentateuch

Question 73

Who wa responsible for the Ark of the Covenant

Answer 73

Priests

Question 74

What does the many centuries of rewrites and language translations suggest to you

Answer 74

so it can be read to many ppl

Question 75

The Bible also includes many different kinds of writings: ___, ___, ___, ___, and an ___

Answer 75

narratives, letters, psalms, poetry, and an apocalypse

Question 76

refers to the forms of Judaism that existed

Answer 76

Second Temple Judaism

Question 77

where did the workers find the book of the law

Answer 77

In the back room of the temple

Question 78

Why did the workers call on a prophet, Hudlah when finding the book of the law

Answer 78

To verify the book really was the word of God

Question 79

the canon began during the ____

Answer 79

exile