Ch. 1 - Crime and Criminology Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is the Criminal Justice System?
stages through which the offender passes, which includes police, courts, and corrections.
What is intimate violence?
types of crimes that occur in the context of familiarity
eg. spousal, child, or elder abuse
What did research indicate about habitually aggressive behaviour?
it is often learned in the homes of children who are victimized and have parents who are aggressive role models
True or false: learned violence from home persists into adulthood
True
T or F: public fear does not affect social health
F - public fear of crime is a vital barometer of social health and how people feel about their communities
What are the long-term effects of third-hand knowledge of crime?
it can create fear, an attitude of favouring harsher punishments for offenders, negative views of police and courts
How does fear of crime affect societal agendas?
people become more in favour of allocating resources to reducing crimes rather than reducing poverty
What is criminology?
scientific study of nature, extent, cause, control of criminal behaviour;
study crime patterns and trends; development of valid and reliable info regarding causes of crime
What do criminologists do?
use scientific methods to study the nature, extent, cause, and control of criminal behaviour; bring objectivity and scientific methods to the study of crime and its consequences
How did Sutherland and Cressey define criminology?
crime as a social phenomenon; processes of making, breaking, and reaction to breaking laws (development of criminal law, its use to define crime); aims to develop a body of general and verified principles and knowledge regarding law, crime, treatment (cause of law violations, methods to control criminal behaviour); use of scientific method
What are the aspects of social science inquiry?
analysis of existing records, experimental design, surveys, historical, and content analysis
T or F: criminology is multidisciplinary in nature
T - criminology uses an integrated approach to study criminal behaviour
What are the differences between criminologists and criminal justice scholars?
- criminologists explain the etiology (cause), extent, and nature of crime in society; know how the agencies of justice operates
- criminal justice scholars describe and analyze the work of police, courts, and correctional facilities; how to better design effective methods of crime control; design crime prevention or rehabilitation programs through
What defines deviant behaviour?
behaviour that departs from social norms, not always subject to formal sanction
What are the three dimensions in which Hagan’s Varieties of Deviance depicts the relationship between crime and deviance?
- evaluation of social harm
- level of agreement about the norm
- severity of societal response
T or F: most serious acts of deviance are the most likely to occur
F - most serious deviance is LEAST likely to occur but there is a strong agreement over the harmfulness and need for a serious societal response
