CH. 1 Exceptionality and Special Education Flashcards
What is FAPE?
free appropriate public education for every student regardless of their disabling condition
T/F: The causes of most disabilities are known but little is known about what can help them overcome or compensate
False, although treatment is used to pinpoint the occurrence of the disability, little is know about the causes but treatments are used to track progress
What is the difference between disability and handicap?
Disability refers to an impairment or inability to do something or the diminished capacity to perform in a specific way. Handicap refers to a disadvantage imposed on the individual. Depending on the circumstances a disability can be a handicap and a handicap can be caused by a disability.
What is the difference between disability and inability?
Disability is a significant difference in expectation when considering the age appropriateness, opportunities and instruction. All disabilities are an inability to do something but an inability is not always a disability. For example, a baby’s inability to walk is not a disability because it is not an age appropriate task.
What is the educational definition of exceptional learners?
learners who require special education and related services if they are to realize their full human potential. Differing in IDD, learning or attention disabilities, emotional or behavioral disorders, physical disabilities, communication disorders, autism, TBIs, impaired hearing or sight, special gifts or talents
What is the goal of special education?
finding and capitalizing on exceptional students’ abilities
Who were the originators of special education?
European physicians
Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard (1774- 1838)
French physician who was a authority on diseases of the ear and in deaf education. Known for educating Victor, the “Wild Child” of Aveyron, improved Victor’s behavior via patient, systematic educative procedures; partnered with Edouard Seguin
Phillippe Pinel (1745 -1826)
prominent French physician, Itard’s mentor, early advocate of humane treatment of the “insane”, viewed Victor as “hopeless idiot
Individualized instruction
child’s characteristics provide the basis for teaching techniques
Carefully sequenced series of educational tasks
beginning with tasks that the child can perform then gradually leading to more complex learning
Emphasis on stimulation and awakening of the child’s senses
makes the child more aware of and responsive to educational stimuli
Meticulous arrangement of the child’s environment
the structure of the environment and the child’s experience of it lead naturally to learning
Immediate reward for correct performance
providing reinforcements for desirable behavior
Tutoring in functional skills
make the child self-sufficient and productive in everyday life
