ch 1 hospitals and nursing careers Flashcards
(88 cards)
1
Q
hospitals
hospitals provide
A
- emergency care, surgery, nursing care, x-ray procedures and treatments, and lab testing
- respiratory, physical, occupational, and speech therapies
- care to people of ALL AGES
- care for people having babies, surgery, physical and mental health problems, and broken bones
- care to diagnose and treat medical problems
- care for person who are dying
- can be in patient (patient is admitted) or out-patient care (also known as ambulatory which means patients are not admitted)
2
Q
hospital patients
acute illness
A
a sudden illness from which person is expected to recover
3
Q
hospital patients
chronic illness
A
- an ongoing illness that is slow or gradual in onset and has no known cure
- can be controlled and complications prevented with proper treatment
4
Q
hospital patients
terminal illness
A
- an illness or injury from which person will not likely recover
- person with a terminal illness will die
5
Q
hospital patients
hospital stays can last
A
- less than 24 hours
- days, weeks, or months
6
Q
long term care centers
long term care centers are designed to meet the needs of persons who
A
cannot care for themselves but DO NOT NEED HOSPITAL CARE
7
Q
long term care centers
long term care centers provide
A
- medical
- nursing
- dietary
- recreational
- rehabilitative
- social services
8
Q
long term care centers
persons in long term care centers are
A
RESIDENTS
9
Q
long term care centers
long term care centers is the resident’s
A
temporary or permanent home
10
Q
long term care centers
in long term care centers care needs range from
A
simple to complex
11
Q
long term care centers
residents include
A
- persons who are older with chronic diseases, poor nutrition, or poor health
- person who are disabled from birth defects, accidents, or diseases
- persons discharged from hospitals while still recovering from illness, surgery, or an injurt
- some residents recover and return home
- others need nursing care until death
12
Q
long term care center
Long term care centers meet the needs of
A
- alert, oriented persons
- confused and disoriented persons
- persons needing complete care
- short- term residents
- persons needing respite care
- life-long residents
- mentally ill persons
- terminally ill persons
13
Q
long term care center
Alert, oriented persons know
A
- who they are
- where they are
- what year it is
- what time of day it is
- disability levels affects the amount of care needed
14
Q
long term care centers
Confused and disoriented persons are
A
- mildly to severely confused and disoriented
- some problems are temporary; others are permanent
15
Q
long term care centers
Persons needing complete care are
A
Very disabled, confused, or disoriented persons
16
Q
long term care centers
Short-term residents need to recover from
A
- acute illness
- surgery
- fractures
- other injuries
17
Q
long term care centers
Persons needing respite care go to nursing homes for
A
- Short stays
- the caregiver can go on a trip, tend to business, or simply rest
18
Q
long term care centers
Life-long residents may have a
A
- disability that occurred before the age of 22 (a developmental disability)
- impairments may be physical, intellectual or both
19
Q
long term care centers
With mentally ill persons
A
Behavior and function are affected
20
Q
long term care centers
Terminally ill persons may need
A
- Hospice care
- some are alert and oriented
- others are comatose
21
Q
long term care center residents
Board and care homes provide
A
- A room
- meals
- laundry
- and supervision
- a safe setting is provided BUT NOT 24 HOUR NURSING CARE
22
Q
long term care center residents
Assisted living residencies (ALRs) provide
A
- housing
- personal care
- support services
- health care
- social activities in a home like setting
- mobility is often required
- stable health is required
- ALRs must follow state laws and rules
23
Q
long term care center residents
Residents can usually
A
Dress themselves and meet grooming and elimination needs with little help
24
Q
long term care center residents
Some board and care homes are for
A
Older people
Others are for people with certain problems
25
# long term care center residents
ALR residents need help with some
Daily activities
26
# long term care center residents
Many residents have problems with
Thinking
Reasoning
And judgment
27
# long term care center residents
The resident can leave the building in an
Emergency
28
# long term care center residents
Residents have
24 hour supervision
3 meals a day
29
# long term care center residents
Services are added or reduced as the persons
Needs change
30
# long term care center residents
nursing centers (nursing facilities, nursing homes) provide health care services to persons who need
regular or continous care
31
# long term care center residents
nursing center requires what kind of nurses
licensed nurses are required
32
# long term care center residents
skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) provide
complex care for severe health problems
33
# long term care center residents
some nursing centers and hospitals provide
subacute care
34
# long term care center residents
a hospice is an agency or program for persons who are
dying
* the focus is on comfort not cure
35
# long term care center residents
alzheimer's units (dementia care units) are designed for persons with
alzeimer's disease and other dementias
36
# long term care center residents
in SNfs what is provided
* medical
* nursing
* dietary
* recreation
* rehabilitation
* social services
37
# long term care center residents
many people are admitted to SNFs from
hospitals
* some stay for a short time to recover or for rehabilitation
* others never go home
38
# long term care center residents
subacute care is what kind of care
complex medical care or rehabilitation when hospital care is no longer needed
39
# long term care center residents
persons receiving subacute care are often called
patients
40
# long term care center residents
in a hospice what needs are met for the persons
* physical
* emotional
* social
* spiritual needs of the person and family are met
41
# long term care center residents
hospice care is provided by
* hospitals
* nursing centers
* home care agencies
42
# long term care center residents
pesons with alzheimer's disease suffer increasing
memory loss and confusion
43
# hospital and nursing center organization
a hospital has a governing body called the
board of trustees or board of directors
* an administrator manages the agency
* directors or department heads manage certain areas
* board makes policies
44
# hospital and nursing center organization
nursing centers are owned by an
* individual
* corporation
* county health department
* each center has an administrator
* department directors report to the administrator
45
# hospital and nursing center organization
hospitals and nursing centers must follow what kind of laws and rules
local, state, and federal laws and rules
46
# hospital and nursing center organization
the health team involves
the many health care workers whose skills and knowledge focus on the person's total care
## Footnote
in nursing centers it is called the interdisciplinary health care team
47
# hospital and nursing center organization
the health team
* the goal is to provide quality care
* the person is the focus of care
* an RN leads this team
48
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
the director of nursing (DON) is responsible for the
entire nursing staff and the care given
* the DON is an RN
49
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
nurse supervisors and nurse managers oversee a
* work shift
* a nursing area
* or a certain function
50
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
nursing areas may charge nurses for
each shift
51
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
staff RNs report to the
charge nurse
52
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
LPNs/LVNs report to
staff RNs or to the charge nurse
53
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
Nurse aide (CNA) reports the
nurse supervising your work
54
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
functions include
* staff development
* restorative nursing
* infection control
* continous quality
55
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing service
the charge nurse is responsible for all
patient or resident care and for the actions of nursing staff during that shift
56
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing edu staff
plan and present educational programs (in-service programs) that meet
federal and state requirements
57
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing edu staff
provide new and changing
information
58
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing edu staff
instruct on the use of new
equipment
59
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing edu staff
review key policies and procedures on a
regular basis
60
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing edu staff
teach and train
nursing assistants
61
# the nursing team: registered nurses
what do RNs do
* assess, make nursing diagnoses, plan, implement, evaluate nursing care
* develop care plans, provide care, and delegate nursing care and tasks to the nursing team
* evaluate how the care plans and nursing care affect each person
* teach persons how to improve health and independence
* teach the family
* carry out the doctor's order or delegate them to other nursing team members
61
# hospital and nursing center organization: nursing edu staff
conduct new employee
orientation programs
61
# the nursing team
clinical nurse specialists or nurse practitioners have limited
diagnosing and prescribing functions
61
# the nursing team
the nursing team involves
* RNs
* LPNs/ LVNs
* nursing assistants
62
# the nursing team
all focus on the
* physical
* social
* emotional
* spiritual needs of the person and family
63
# the nursing team
an RN has completed a
2-, 3-, or 4 year nursing program and has passed a licensing test
64
# the nursing team
RNs DO NOT
diagnose or prescribe treatments or drugs
65
# the nursing team
some RNs become
clinical nurse specialists or nurse practioners
66
# the nursing team
licensed practical nurses (LPN) and licensed vocational nurses (LVN)
* are supervised by RNs, licensed doctors, and licensed dentists
* have fewer responsibilites and functions than RNs do
* need little supervision when the person's condition is stable and care is simple
* assist RNs in caring for acutely ill persons and with complex procedures
* completed a 1 year nursing program and has passed a licensing test
* the title of licensed vocational nursee (LVN) is used in some states
67
# the nursing team
the nursing assistants
* have passed a nursing assistant training and competency evaluation program (NATCEP)
* perform delegated nursing tasks under the supervision of a licensed nurse
68
# nursing care patterns
the pattern used depends on how many
* persons need care
* the staff
* the cost
69
# nursing care patterns
functional nursing
focuses on tasks and jobs
* each nursing team member has certain tasks and jobs to do
70
# nursing care patterns
team nursing
involves a team of nursing staff led by an RN
* "team leader" delegated care, nursing tasks, and procedures to other nurses and to nursing assistants
* delegation is based on the person's needs and teams member abilites
71
# nursing care patterns
primary nursing
involves total care
* the RN (primary nurse) is responsible for the person's total care
72
# nursing care patterns
case management is like
primary nursing
* a case manager (an RN) coordinated a person's care from admission through discharge and into the home setting
73
# nursing care patterns
patient-focused care
involves moving services from departments to the bedside
* reduces the number of people caring for each person
74
# paying for health care
private insurance
is bought by individuals and families
75
# paying for health care
group insurance
is bought by groups or organizations for individuals
76
# paying for health care
medicare
* is a federal health insurance program for persons 65 years of age or older and some younger people with certain disabilites
* part A pays for some hospital, SNF, hospice, and home care costs
* part B helps pay for doctors' services, out-patient hospital care, physical and occupational therapists, some home care, and many other services
* part b is voluntary and pays a monthly premium
77
# paying for health care
medicaid
* a health care payment program sponsored by the federal gov and operated by the states
* there is no insurance premium
* the amount paid covered services is limited
* people with low incomes usually qualify, some older, blind, and disable persons also qualify
78
# paying for health care
prospective payment systems
* limit the amont paid by insurers, medicare, medicaid
* the amount paid for services is determined before giving care
* medicare severity-adjusted diagnosis-related groups (MS-DRGs) are for hospital costs
* resource utilzation groups (RUGs) and for SNF payments
* case mix groups (CMGs) are used for rehab centers
79
# paying for health care
managed care
* deals with health care delivery and payment
* inserers contract with doctors and hospitals for reduced rates or discounts
* managed care limits: choice of where to go for health care and the care that docs provide
* many states require managed care for medicare and medicaid coverage
* the insured person uses docs and agencies providing the lower rates
* person pays for costs not covered by insurance
80
# meeting standards
standards are set by the
federal and state governments and accrediting agenices
81
# meeting standards
a survey team will
* review policies, procedures, and medical records
* interview staff, patients and residents, and families
* observe how care is given
* observe if dignity and privacy are promotes
* check for cleanliness and safety
* make sure the staff meets state requirements
* decide if agency meets the standards
82
# meeting standards
standards relate to
agency policies and procedures, budget and finances, and quality of care
83
# meeting standards
the joint commission is the
national accrediting and certifying agency that focuses on the quality improvement and patient safety
84
# meeting standards
if problems are found
* the agency is given time usually 60 days at most to correct the problem
* the agency can be fined for uncorrected or serious problems
* the agency can lose its license, certification, or accreditation
85
# meeting standards
your role involves
* providing quality care
* protecting the person's rights
* providing for the person's and your own safety
* helping keep the agency clean and safe
* conducting yourself in a professional manner
* having good work ethics
* following agency policies and procedures
* answering questions honestl and completely
