Ch 1 : Inside Earth Flashcards
The force exerted on a surface divided by the area over which the force is exerted
Pressure
The layer of rock that forms earths outer surface
Crust
The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats
Asthenosphere
A layer of molten metal iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of earth
Outer core
A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of earth
Inner core
The transfer of heat within a material or between materials that are touching
Conduction
The transfer of heat by movement of a fluid
Convection
The movement of a fluid caused by differences in temperature that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
Convection current
A trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock
Fossil
The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor
Sea-floor spreading
A deep valley along the ocean floor beneath which oceanic crust slowly sinks toward the middle
Deep ocean trench
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other
Divergent boundary
A plate boundary where two plates move toward each other
Convergent boundary
A plate boundary where two. Plates move past each other in opposite directions
Transform boundary
Vibrations that travel through earth carrying energy released during an earthquake
Seismic waves
