ch 1- intro to dress & culture

Question 1

dress

Answer 1

the total arrangement of all outwardly detectable modifications of the body and all material objects added to it

Question 2

body modification

Answer 2

changes made directly to the body
- temp or perm
-changes to: shape, color, texture, surface and surface embellishments

Question 3

body supplement

Answer 3

addition of items to the body
- wrapped, suspended, shaped, attached to the body, held

Question 4

transnational (world) dress

Answer 4

• dress that has a global reach and dress that occurs simultaneously in several, worldwide locations

Question 5

appearance

Answer 5

all aspects of the human body that may be observed by others

Question 6

functions of dress

Answer 6

• communication of identity and status
  -protection: physical and psychological
• adornment/decoration
  -sexual attraction
  -extension of self

Question 7

culture

Answer 7

what people think( mentifacts)
what people do (sociofacts)
what people make (artifacts)

Question 8

mentifacts

Answer 8

what people think and know
includes: ideas, meanings, values, knowledge, appearance ideals, sterotypes

Question 9

sociofacts

Answer 9

what people do
includes: how people organize themselves into societies and interact rules for interaction

Question 10

artifacts

Answer 10

what people make +tools/processes for making them
iincludes: dress and clothing

Question 11

the self

Answer 11

a person’s consciousness of being, includes all of their identities

roles: position that people occupy in a group or society

Question 12

cultural syndromes

Answer 12

-cultural complexity
- tightness
-individualism
-collectivism

Question 13

cultural complexity

Answer 13

the number of different cultural elements (objects, artifacts, events, roles, jobs) within a society

Question 14

cultural tightness

Answer 14

a number of rules and norms within a culture, including sanctions for violating norms

Question 15

tight culture characteristics

Answer 15

• clear norms and rules
  -homogeneous cultures
• if you do what others do, you are protected from criticsms
  ex) japan & rural america

Question 16

loose culture characteristics

Answer 16

• unclear norms
  -tolerate deviance from norms
  -heterogenous cultures
  ex) the US

Question 17

collectivism

Answer 17

a social pattern consisting of closely linked individuals who see themselves as part of one or more collectives/groups
EX) east Asia, Amish cultures

Question 18

individualism

Answer 18

a social pattern consisting of loosely linked indivudals who see themselves as independent of collectives/groups
EX) western Europe, the US