Ch 1 - Levels of Organization

Question 1

What is the study of the structure of the human body?

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

What is the study of the function of the human body?

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

Level of Organization: electrons, protons, neutrons

Answer 3

Subatomic particles

Question 4

Level of Organization: hydrogen atom, lithium atom

Answer 4

Atom

Question 5

Level of Organization: water molecule, glucose molecule

Answer 5

Molecule

Question 6

Level of Organization: protein molecule, DNA molecule

Answer 6

Macromolecule

Question 7

Level of Organization: mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus

Answer 7

Organelle

Question 8

Level of Organization: muscle cell, nerve cell

Answer 8

Cell

Question 9

Level of Organization: simple squamous epithelium, adipose tissue

Answer 9

Tissue

Question 10

Level of Organization: skin, femur, heart, kidney

Answer 10

Organs

Question 11

Level of Organization: skeletal system, digestive system

Answer 11

Organ System

Question 12

Level of Organization: the human

Answer 12

Organism

Question 13

Change in position; motion

Answer 13

Movement

Question 14

Reaction to change

Answer 14

Responsiveness

Question 15

Increase in body size, no change in shape

Answer 15

Growth

Question 16

Production of new organisms, cells

Answer 16

Reproduction

Question 17

Obtaining oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, releasing energy from foods

Answer 17

Respiration

Question 18

Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms

Answer 18

Digestion

Question 19

Passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids

Answer 19

Absorption

Question 20

Movement of substances into body fluids

Answer 20

Circulation

Question 21

Changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms

Answer 21

Assimilation

Question 22

Removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions

Answer 22

Excretion

Question 23

Life depends on 5 environmental factors:
required for metabolic process
required for transport of substances
regulates body temperature
most abundant substance in body

Answer 23

Water

Question 24

Life depends on 5 environmental factors:
provides necessary nutrients
supplies energy
supplies raw materials

Answer 24

Food

Question 25

Life depends on 5 environmental factors: One-fifth of air used to release energy from nutrients

Answer 25

Oxygen

Question 26

Life depends on 5 environmental factors: form of energy partially controls rate of metabolic reactions

Answer 26

Heat

Question 27

Life depends on 5 environmental factors: application of force on an object atmospheric pressure - important for breathing hydrostatic pressure - keeps blood flowing

Answer 27

Pressure

Question 28

Monitors aspects of the internal environment and corrects as needed. Variations are within limits.

Answer 28

Homeostatic mechanisms

Question 29

Three parts of homeostatic mechanisms: | provides information about stimuli

Answer 29

Receptors

Question 30

Three parts of homeostatic mechanisms: | tess what a particular value should be (set point)

Answer 30

Control Center

Question 31

Three parts of homeostatic mechanisms: | elicits response that change conditions in the internal environment

Answer 31

Effectors

Question 32

Types of Homeostatic Control Mechanisms

Answer 32

Negative & Positive Feedback

Question 33

Which type of Homeostatic Control Mechanism? Prevents sudden, severe changes in the body Corrects the set point Causes opposite of bodily disruption to occur i.e.: the negative Most common type of feedback loop Ex: body temperature, blood pressure, and glucose regulation

Answer 33

Negative Feedback Mechanism

Question 34

Which type of Homeostatic Control Mechanism? Increases (accelerates) the actions of the body Short-lived Do not require continuous adjustments Ex: blood clotting and child birth

Answer 34

Positive Feedback Mechanism

Question 35

Body Cavities: | Houses the brain

Answer 35

Cranial cavity

Question 36

Body Cavities: | Contains the spinal cord and is surrounded by sections of the backbone (vertebrae)

Answer 36

Vertebral Canal

Question 37

_____ Cavity | Includes: lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus

Answer 37

Thoracic Cavity

Question 38

_____ Cavity | Everything below diaphragm

Answer 38

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Question 39

Part of Abdominopelic Cavity; includes stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, small/large intestines

Answer 39

Abdominal Cavity

Question 40

Part of the Abdominopelvic Cavity; terminating the end of large intestine, urinary bladder and Internal Reproductive cavity

Answer 40

Pelvic Cavity

Question 41

The organs in the Abdominal and Pelvic Cavity are called...

Answer 41

Viscera

Question 42

The thin muscles that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomenopelvic cavity

Answer 42

Diaphragm

Question 43

Cavities of the Head: | contain teeth and tongue

Answer 43

Oral cavity

Question 44

Cavities of the Head: located within the nose divided into right/left portions by nasal septum several filled sinuses connected to nasal cavity (Sphenoidal and Frontal)

Answer 44

Nasal cavity

Question 45

Cavities of the Head: | Contain the eyes and associated muscles and nerves

Answer 45

Orbital cavities

Question 46

Thoracic Serous Membranes: | Covers an organ

Answer 46

Visceral layer

Question 47

Thoracic Serous Membranes: | Lines a cavity or body wall

Answer 47

Perietal layer

Question 48

Thoracic Membranes: | Membranes in lungs

Answer 48

Visceral pleura | Parietal pleura

Question 49

Thoracic Membranes: | Membranes in heart

Answer 49

Visceral Pericardium | Parietal Pericardium