Ch. 1 Orientation to the Human Body

Question 1

What is the structure of the body called?

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

How the body function is called?

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

What does Pathophysiology mean?

Answer 3

Patho (means suffering or disease)

Question 4

The human body is organized from the very _____ to the very ____

Answer 4

Very SIMPLE to the very COMPLEX

Question 5

List the organization of the body to simple to complex

Answer 5

Hint: AMOCT OOO (AMOCT TRIPLE O)

Atom, Molecule, (macromolecule), Organelle, Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

Question 6

Name the 11 Organ Systems

Hint: MURDERS LINC (Credit to D. Samuel)

Answer 6

Muscular System, Urinary System, Respiratory/Reproductive System,
Digestive System, Endocrine System, Respiratory/Reproductive System, Skeletal System, Lymphatic System, Integumentary System, Nervous System, Circulatory System.

Question 7

Consist of Skeletal Muscles with key functions being movement, posture and heat production.

Answer 7

Muscular System

Question 8

Consist of kidneys, uterus, urethra, urinary bladder

Answer 8

Urinary System

Question 9

What are the key functions to the Urinary system?

Answer 9

Excrete waste, regulate blood volume and pressure, control fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance

Question 10

True or False:

One of the key functions to the Respiratory System is speech.

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

True or False:

The respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, skin, and ligaments.

Answer 11

FALSE

Respiratory system consists of the Nose, Pharynx, Larynex, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs

SKIN is a part of the Integumentary system while LIGAMENTS is a part of the skeletal system.

Question 12

True or False:

The Respiratory System key functions are: Absorb oxygen, discharge carbon dioxide, acid-base balance, speech

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

The organ system key function is to eliminate waste, breakdown and absorb nutrients is called ____

Answer 13

Digestive System

Question 14

Consist of the: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestine, liver and pancreas

Answer 14

Digestive System

Question 15

Endocrine system consists of and key functions?

Answer 15

Hint: “why you crine (crying)?”

The endocrine system consists of: Pituitary gland, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid

Key functions are: Produce hormones, control and regulation of other systems

Question 16

Which two systems consist of pancreas:

Answer 16

Digestive and Endocrine system

Question 17

Consist of:

Male: Testes, vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles, penis
Female: Ovaries, breast, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina

Key Functions:

Male: Produce and Deliver Sper, secrete of sex hormones
Female: produce eggs, fertilize and fetal development, birth, laceration, secrete sex hormones

Answer 17

Reproductive System

Question 18

True or False:

The circulatory system consists of: Heart, Veins, arteries, capillaries

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

What system key functions are the following:

Distributes oxygen, nutrients, waste, hormones, electrolytes, immune cells and antibodies, fluid and acid-base balance

Answer 19

Circulatory System

Question 20

This system consists of spinal cord, brain, nerves, sense organs

Answer 20

Nervous System

Question 21

Key functions of the Nervous system are:

Control, regulate and coordinate of other system, sensations and?

Answer 21

Memory

Question 22

Integumentary System consist of and key functions?

Answer 22

Hint: Skin, Hair and Nails Vitamins

Consist of Skin, Hair & Nails
Key functions: protect, regulate temperature, sensation, water retention

Question 23

True or False:

The lymphatic system DO NOT consist of Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph thymus, spleen, tonsils

Answer 23

FALSE

It actually DO consist of Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph thymus, spleen, tonsils

with key functions:

Fluid balance, produce immune cells, defense against disease

Question 24

The skeletal system consists of:

Answer 24

Bones, Cartilage and Ligaments

Question 25

The key functions of the skeletal system are:

Answer 25

Protect organs, support, movement, blood formation

Question 26

Proximal means:

Answer 26

close to the origin

Question 27

Distal means:

Answer 27

far from the origin

Question 28

Deep means:

Answer 28

Away from the body's surface

Question 29

Superficial means:

Answer 29

close to the body's surface

Question 30

Inferior means:

Answer 30

Below (towards the feet)

Question 31

Superior means:

Answer 31

Above (towards the head)

Question 32

Lateral means:

Answer 32

Away from the midline (left or right)

Question 33

Medial means:

Answer 33

Towards the body's midline

Question 34

Anterior (Ventral) means:

Answer 34

Towards the front of the body (Palms forward)

Question 35

Posterior (Dorsal) means:

Answer 35

Towards the back of the body (palms backward)

Question 36

What is the difference between the following body planes: Sagittal (midsagittal), Frontal (coronal-crown) and Transverse (horizonal)

Answer 36

Sagittal (midsagittal): Splitting the body into left and right.​ Frontal (coronal - crown): Dividing the body into front and back.​ Transverse (horizontal): Slicing horizontally, separating top and bottom​

Question 37

What are the two major cavities of the body?

Answer 37

The Ventral & Dorsal cavity

Question 38

The dorsal cavity contains ____

Answer 38

Cranial & Spinal Cavity

Question 39

The constancy or Balance of the body's internal environment is called

Answer 39

Homeostasis

Question 40

What are the 9 abdominal regions:

Answer 40

Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac Right Lumbar, Umbilical, Left Lumbar Right Iliac, Hypogastric, Left Iliac