Ch. 1 Test

Question 1

What does science start with?

Answer 1

observations

Question 2

Describe the two types of observation.

Answer 2

QUANTITIVE
includes numbers or counting
QUALITATIVE
does not include numbers or counting

Question 3

What is the idea that life could arise from nonliving matter?

Answer 3

spontaneous generation

Question 4

What is a controlled experiment?

Answer 4

An experiment in which one variable is changed at a time

Question 5

What is a deliberately changed variable?

Answer 5

manipulated variable

Question 6

What is the variable that is observed and changed in response to the manipulated variable?

Answer 6

responding variable

Question 7

What is it called when a hypothesis becomes so well supported?

Answer 7

theory

Question 8

What are the eight characteristics of living things?

Answer 8

• they are made up of cells
• they reproduce
• they are based on a universal genetic code
• they grow and develop
• they obtain and use energy
• they respond to their environment
• they maintain a stable internal internal environment
• take as a group, they can change over time

Question 9

List and describe the two types of cells.

Answer 9

UNICELLULAR
made up of a single cell
MULTICELLULAR
consist of 2 or more cells

Question 10

List three facts about cells.

Answer 10

• they are the smallest units alive
• they are highly organized and complex
• they can grow, respond to their surroundings, and grow

Question 11

What are the two types of asexual reproduction?

Answer 11

• a single celled organism divides in half to form two new organisms
• a portion of an organism breaks off and a new organism is formed

Question 12

What is the goal of science?

Answer 12

to investigate and understand the natural world,
to explain events in the natural world,
to use those explanations to make useful predictions

Question 13

Why do scientists need a common system of measurement?

Answer 13

because researchers need to replicate each other’s experiments

Question 14

When collecting data and doing experiments, what system of measurement do most scientists use?

Answer 14

metric system

Question 15

What is the metric system?

Answer 15

a decimal system of measurement whose units are based on certain physical standards and are scaled on multiples of 10

Question 16

1,000 meters = 1 ________.

Answer 16

kilometer

Question 17

1 liter = ________ milliliters.

Answer 17

1,000

Question 18

1 gram = ________ milligrams.

Answer 18

1,000

Question 19

1,000 kilograms = 1 ________.

Answer 19

metric ton

Question 20

When scientists collect data, what are they often trying to find out?

Answer 20

whether certain factors changed or remained the same

Question 21

What does a graph of data make easier to recognize and understand than a table of data?

Answer 21

it makes patterns much easier to recognize and understand

Question 22

What are microscopes?

Answer 22

devices that produce magnified images of structures that are too small to see with the unaided eye

Question 23

What are compound light microscopes?

Answer 23

they allow light to pass through the specimen and use 2 lenses to form an image

Question 24

How do chemical stains make light microscopes more useful?

Answer 24

they can show specific structures in the cell

Question 25

What are the two main types of electron microscopes?

Answer 25

Transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes

Question 26

Compare how a TEM and a SEM produce images.

Answer 26

TEM- reveal a wealth of detail inside the cell | SEM-produce realistic and often dramatic, three-dimensional images of the surfaces

Question 27

How must samples be prepared for observation by an electron microscope?

Answer 27

they must be dehydrated before placed inside the microscope

Question 28

A group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single original cell is called a what?

Answer 28

cell culture

Question 29

What technique do biologists use to separate one part of the cell from the other part of the cell?

Answer 29

cell fractionation

Question 30

What is the single most important rule for your safety while working in a laboratory?

Answer 30

always follow your teacher's instructions and the textbooks directions exactly

Question 31

What is an organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world?

Answer 31

science

Question 32

What is the process fo gathering information about events or processes in a careful, orderly way?

Answer 32

observation

Question 33

What is the information gathered from observations?

Answer 33

data

Question 34

What is a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience?

Answer 34

inferece

Question 35

What is a proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations?

Answer 35

hypothesis

Question 36

What is the study of living things?

Answer 36

biology

Question 37

What is a collection of living matter and is protected?

Answer 37

cell

Question 38

What is it called when 2 cells from different parents unite to produce the 1st cell of a new organism?

Answer 38

sexual reproduction

Question 39

What is it called when a organism divides in half to form 2 new organisms?

Answer 39

asexual reproduction

Question 40

What is the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials?

Answer 40

metabolism