CH 1: Test

Question 1

The study of the structure of the body parts (also called morphology)

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

The function of the body parts, what they do and how they do it

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

The __________ determines the ___________

Answer 3

The structure determines the function

Question 4

Characteristics of living things

Answer 4

Movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, excretion

Question 5

Self initiated change in position, motion of internal parts

Answer 5

Movement

Question 6

Ability to sense changes and react to them

Answer 6

Responsiveness

Question 7

Increase in body size

Answer 7

Growth

Question 8

Parents produce offspring/ passing DNA to new individuals

Answer 8

Reproduction

Question 9

Obtaining oxygen (O2), using it to release energy from food substances, and getting rid of wastes

Answer 9

Respiration

Question 10

Chemically changing (breaking down) food substances, and getting rid of wastes

Answer 10

Digestion

Question 11

Passage of Digested products (food substances) through membranes and into body fluids

Answer 11

Absorption

Question 12

Movement of substances throughout

the body

Answer 12

Circulation

Question 13

Changing absorbed substances into chemically different substances

Answer 13

Assimilation

Question 14

Removal of wastes

Answer 14

Excretion

Question 15

What is all the chemical changes that occur in the body to maintain life?

Answer 15

Metabolism

Question 16

What are bodily needs?

Answer 16

Food, oxygen, water, heat

Question 17

Why water is a requirement for life?

Answer 17

It is the most abundant in the body, transports substances, regulates body temperature (You can only go without it for three days)

Question 18

Why food is a requirement for life?

Answer 18

Provides nutrients, used for energy (You can only go 4-6 weeks without food)

Question 19

Why oxygen is a requirement for life?

Answer 19

Releases energy from food substances (you can go 3-5 minutes without oxygen)

Question 20

What is heat and what does it do?

Answer 20

Heat is defined as temperature is a measure of a degree of heat, it determines the rate of reaction

Question 21

What is application or force on something?

Answer 21

Pressure

Question 22

What is tendency of the body to maintain a stable, balanced, internal environment. “Sameness”

Answer 22

Homeostasis

Question 23

What is required to keep the body in working order? Where does it come from?

Answer 23

Energy; food, sleep, and oxygen

Question 24

How does a negative feedback loop maintain homeostasis? (three homeostatic mechanisms in the body)

Answer 24

Receptors, set point, and effectors

Question 25

What can detect certain environmental parameters within the body such as temperature, information is relayed to the brain?

Answer 25

Receptors

Question 26

What is the normal range that an environmental parameter is to be controlled?

Answer 26

Set point

Question 27

What is muscle or glands that respond to deviation from the set point? Glands might initiate sweating to cool the body back to its set point.

Answer 27

Effectors

Question 28

How does a positive feedback loop maintain homeostasis?

Answer 28

By amplifying or increasing the occurrence of events

Question 29

What are the levels of organization in the body?

Answer 29

Chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 30

The axial portion of the body includes what three things?

Answer 30

Head, neck, trunk

Question 31

The appendicular portion of the body includes what two things?

Answer 31

Arms and legs

Question 32

Viscera refers to

Answer 32

Internal organs

Question 33

List the body cavities

Answer 33

Dorsal, ventral, thoracic, abdomen, pelvic, diaphragm, cranial, vertebrae

Question 34

Back side

Answer 34

Dorsal

Question 35

Front side

Answer 35

Ventral

Question 36

Chest (heart, trachea, lungs)

Answer 36

Thoracic

Question 37

Stomach area (spleen, intestines)

Answer 37

Abdomen

Question 38

Lower abdomen (bladder, reproductive organs)

Answer 38

Pelvic

Question 39

Separates the thoracic and pelvic region

Answer 39

Diaphragm

Question 40

Brain

Answer 40

Cranial

Question 41

Vertebrae and spinal chord

Answer 41

Vertebral

Question 42

Above or closer to the head

Answer 42

Superior

Question 43

Below or toward the feet

Answer 43

Inferior

Question 44

Toward the front

Answer 44

Anterior (or ventral)

Question 45

Opposite of anterior; toward the back

Answer 45

Posterior (or dorsal)

Question 46

Imaginary midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves

Answer 46

Medial

Question 47

Toward the side with respect to the imaginary midline

Answer 47

Lateral

Question 48

Closer to the point of attachment

Answer 48

Proximal

Question 49

Opposite of proximal, father from point of attachment

Answer 49

Distal

Question 50

Near the surface

Answer 50

Superficial

Question 51

More internal

Answer 51

Deep

Question 52

Separates the thoracic cavity into right and left halves

Answer 52

Mediastinum

Question 53

Covers the hearts surface

Answer 53

Visceral pericardium

Question 54

Outer layer of the pericardium

Answer 54

Parietal pericardium

Question 55

Lines the walls of the thoracic cavity

Answer 55

Parietal pleura

Question 56

The inner layer of pleura that surrounds each lung

Answer 56

Visceral pleura

Question 57

Lines the abdominal cavity

Answer 57

Parietal peritoneum

Question 58

Covers abdominal organs

Answer 58

Visceral peritoneum

Question 59

Lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions

Answer 59

Saggital

Question 60

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions

Answer 60

Transverse

Question 61

Divides body into anterior and posterior

Answer 61

Coronal