ch-1 variation in psychological attributes

Question 1

how do psychologists characterise and define intelligence?

Answer 1

i) Psychological motion of intelligence is quite different from the common sensed motion of intelligence.
ii) oxford dictionary explains intelligence as the power of perceiving, learning, understanding and knowing.
iii) alfred binet defined intelligence as the ability to judge well, understand well and reason well.
iv) later, wechsler defined intelligence in terms of its functionality. he defined intelligence as the global capacity of an individual to think rationally, act purposefully and to deal effectively with his/her environment.
v) present day psychologists such as gardner and sternberg emphasised that an intelligent individual not only adapts to the environment, but actively modifies or shapes it.
vi) sternberg views intelligence as the ability to adapt, to shape and select environment to accomplish ones goals and those of one’s society and culture.

Question 2

what extent is our intelligence the result of heredity (nature) and environment (nurture)?

Question 3

explain briefly the multiple intelligences identified by gardner.

Question 4

how does the triarchic theory help us to understand intelligence?

Question 5

any intellectual activity involves the independent functioning of three neurological systems. explain with reference to the PASS model.

Question 6

are there cultural differences in the conceptualization of intelligence?

Question 7

what is iq? how do psychologists classify people on the bases of their iq scores?

Question 8

discuss various types of intelligence tests

Question 9

all people do not have the same intellectual capacity. how do individuals vary in their intellectual ability?

Question 10

which of the two, IQ or EQ, do you think would be more related to success in life and why?

Question 11

how is aptitude different from interest and intelligence? how is aptitude measured?

Question 12

how is creativity related to intelligence? or how creativity and creativity tests are related but different from each other?

Question 13

who among the following defines intelligence as the global capacity of an individual to think rationally, act purposefully and deal with the environment effectively-
a) spearman
b) binet
c) david wechsler
d) gaton

Answer 13

c) wechsler

Question 14

_______ of stanford university revised binet’s scale intended for school children in the united states-
a) wechsler
b) spearman
c) terman
d) thurstone

Answer 14

c) terman

Question 15

who among the following was the first person that devised systematic tests to measure intelligence of children-
a) terman
b) binet
c) thorndike
d) wechsler

Answer 15

b) binet

Question 16

the ratio which states the relationship between the mental age and the chronological age-
a) development quotient (DQ)
b) intelligence quotient (IQ)
c) performance quotient (PQ)
d) none of the above

Answer 16

b) intelligence quotient (IQ)

Question 17

spearman said that there was a generability employed by people while adjusting with different sorts of intellectual tasks. this factor is called-
a) specific factor
b) general factor
c) multi-factors
d) none of the above

Answer 17

b) general factor

Question 18

who among the following had given the structure of intellect model of intelligence-
a) spearman
b) thurstone
c) guilford
d) thorndike

Answer 18

c) guilford

Question 19

tests designed to measure capacities, that is to predict what one can accomplish with training is called-
a) achievement tests
b) aptitude tests
c) intelligence tests
d) interest tests

Answer 19

b) aptitude tests

Question 20

test scores are ______ when they are dependable, reproducible and consistent-
a) unreliable
b) reliable
c) valid
d) invalid

Answer 20

b) reliable

Question 21

______, a cousin of charles darwin, developed the first test designed to measure intelligence-
a) alfred binet
b) francis galton
c) lewis terman
d) none of the above

Answer 21

b) francis galton

Question 22

IQ below _____ is generally considered mental retardation-
a) 100
b) 70
c) 120
d) 110

Answer 22

b) 70

Question 23

lewis terman, who was responsible for the stanford-binet, adopted the _____ as an index of mental development-
a) mental age
b) IQ
c) development quotient (DQ)
d) performance quotient (PQ)

Answer 23

b) IQ

Question 24

_____ retarded people have the IQ ranging from 25 to 39.
a) mild
b) moderate
c)severe
d) profound

Answer 24

c) severe

Question 25

who among the following psychologists made the first attempt to classify mental retardation in terms of intelligence? a) seguin b) terman c) binet d) wechsler

Answer 25

a) seguin

Question 26

Moderately retarded people have the I.Q. range of on the Wechsler Scales. (a) 25 to 39 (b) 40 to 54 (c) 55 to 69 (d) 20 to 25

Answer 26

(b) 40 to 54

Question 27

Distinctiveness and variations among people's characteristics and behavioural patterns is called: (a) Situationism (b) Individual differences (c) Assessment (d) Variability

Answer 27

(b) Individual differences

Question 28

Q16. Who defined intelligence as the ability to judge well, understand well and reason well? a) Binet (b) Wechsler (c) Sternberg (d) Gardner

Answer 28

a) Binet

Question 29

Intelligence is the ability to shaping and adaptation. This notion was proposed by- (a) Binet and Simon (b) Wechsler c) Sternberg (d) Gardner

Answer 29

c) Sternberg

Question 30

The theory that assumes intelligence as one similar set of abilities is called-' a) uni factor b) two factor c) hierarchical d) structure of model

Answer 30

a) uni factor

Question 31

two factor theory was proposed by- a) arthur jensen b)guilford c) spearman d) binet

Answer 31

c) spearman

Question 32

arthur jensen model of intelligence consists of abilities operating at two levels. they are- a) spatial and perceptual speed b) associative learning and cognitive component c) g factor and s factor d) visual and semantic

Answer 32

b) associative learning and cognitive component

Question 33

guilford's model of intellect include _____ cells. a) 120 b) 130 c) 180 d)100

Answer 33

c) 180

Question 34

who devised the concept of IQ? a) bonet and simon b) william stern c) wechsler d) spearman

Answer 34

b) william stern

Question 35

an IQ between the range of 90-100 is- a) average b) below average c) borderline d) mentally retarded

Answer 35

a) average

Question 36

giftedness according to teacher's point of view is the combination of high ability, high creativity and - a) high judgement b) high thinking c) high commitment d) high motivation

Answer 36

c) high commitment

Question 37

who pioneered the construction of intelligence test in hindi? a) C.B. Rice b) S.M. Mohsin c) Mahalanobis d) uday pareek

Answer 37

b) S.M. Mohsin

Question 38

preference for a particular acivity is called- a) aptitude b) interest c) intelligence d) attitude

Answer 38

b) interest

Question 39

PASS model of intelligence emphasises functioning of three functional units of brain namely arousal, planning and _____________ a) successive and simultaneous and processing b) semantic and spatial c) conceptual and comprehensive d) speed and symbolic

Answer 39

a) successive and simultaneous and processing

Question 40

cognitive assessment system (CAS) can be administered to children between the ages- a) 5-18 b) 7-14 c) 6-12 d) 8-16

Answer 40

a) 5-18

Question 41

term referring to the remarkable ability in a specific field is called- a) giftedness b) intellectually superior c) talent d) intelligent

Answer 41

c) talent

Question 42

someone with an IQ of 30 who shows difficulty in taking care of themselves would be classified as- a) mild intellectual defficiency b) moderate intellectual defficiency c) severe intellectual defficiency d) profound intellectual deficiency

Answer 42

c) severe intellectual defficiency

Question 43

kashvi has high self regulation, is able to monitor her emotions, is honest, polite and displays good conduct. she is said to be high on- a) cognition b) social c) emotional d) entrepreneurial

Answer 43

c) emotion

Question 44

shreyansh has high aptitude in verbal reasioning and strong interest in reading. he is more likely to succeed as a- a) athelete b) journalist c) engineer d) agriculturist

Answer 44

b) journalist

Question 45

which of the following caters to the performance component of the triarchic theory of intelligence- (a) Solving a mathematical problem during exams (b) Paying attention in class to gave understanding of the mathematical concept (c) Revising the concepts taught us the class at home (d) Avoiding to give exam

Answer 45

a) Solving a mathematical problem during exams

Question 46

Sindhu won tournament 2019. According to psychologists Sindhu would be high on ________ intelligence- (a) Spatial (b) Naturalistic (c) Bodily kinesthetic (d) Interpersonal

Answer 46

c) Bodily kinesthetic

Question 47

According to Steruberg's theory, experiential intelligence comprises of: (a) Basic academic skills (b) Creative problem solving (c) Learning and acquisition of the ways of doing things (d) Ability to learn from past experiences creativity

Answer 47

(d) Ability to learn from past experiences creativity

Question 48

The mental age of an 8 year old with an IQ of 110-

Answer 48

8.8

Question 49

If you are highly creative or gifted in arts or atheletics, you would most likely rate high on Robert Sternbergs which intelligence?

Answer 49

bodily kinesthetic

Question 50

the _______approach considers intelligence as an aggregate of abilities.

Answer 50

psychometric

Question 51

The concept of intelligence which emphasises on cognitive competence like speed, creativity, minimum moves etc. is called _ _ _ _ _ intelligences.

Answer 51

technological

Question 52

Intelligence in the Indian tradition called _ _ _ _ _

Answer 52

integral intelligences

Question 53

1. The notion of contextual intelligence implies that intelligence is a product of _ _ _ _ _

Answer 53

culture

Question 54

A student who is going for higher studies requires _ _ _ _ _ intelligence according to sternburg

Answer 54

componential

Question 55

While solving problems of verbal and non-verbal test of intelligence the subject is using _ _ _ _ _ _ according to the PASS model.

Answer 55

simultaneous processing

Question 56

The ability to size up situation and adopt to real life demand is _ _ _ _

Answer 56

street smart

Question 57

Street smart person are high on _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligence

Answer 57

contextual

Question 58

A person who can appraise and regulate his emotions can be called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 58

emotionally intelligent

Question 59

If a person has the skill to understand others motives, feelings and behaviours of others is said to have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligence.

Answer 59

emotional

Question 60

IQ range of mild intellectual difficiency is _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 60

52-69

Question 61

Skills involved in scientific thinking and problem solving refer to gardner's _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligence

Answer 61

logical mathematical

Question 62

_ _ _ _ _ intelligence is a set of skills that underlie accurate appraisal, expression and regulation of emotions.

Answer 62

emotional

Question 63

According to gardner, sculptors are likely to have high _ _ _ _ _ intelligence.

Answer 63

spatial

Question 64

Societies that foster skills of speed, minimal moves and mental manipulation, promote a type of behaviour called _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 64

technological intelligence

Question 65

Societies that foster skills of speed, minimal moves and mental manipulation, promote a type of behaviour called _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 65

technological intelligence

Question 66

According to teachers, students who have combination of high ability, high creativity and high commitment are said to be _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 66

gifted

Question 67

Sonakshi is a community psychologist. She is working with Govt. of India on a project calling 'understanding the potential of young India.' She has been asked to measure the IQ of the children ranging from 7-15 year old. However the children do not know how to read and write. Can she still administer a psychometric test on children to measure there IQ. Give examples of the tests that Sonakshi can use.

Answer 67

Non-verbal test of intelligence like RSPM.

Question 68

Hierarichal model of intelligence consists of abilities that are, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Answer 68

Level I-Associative learning, Level II-Cognitive competence

Question 69

Aptitude tests are of two types: _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 69

specialised , generalised

Question 70

People high on interpreting different experiences in an original way to make new discoveries and inventions have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligences

Answer 70

experiential

Question 71

Feeling aspect of intelligence is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 71

emotional intelligence

Question 72

Systematic testing procedure to assess personality traits, abilities and behaviour is called _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 72

psychological assessment

Question 73

Arranging all the information in a serial order in such a way that recall of one will help recall of the other is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 73

successive processing

Question 74

Individual's enduring beliefs are called _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 74

values

Question 75

The approach which emphasise that individual differences are caused more by external factors than internal is called _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 75

situationist perspective

Question 76

Intelligence is influenced by both _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _

Answer 76

nature, nurture

Question 77

_ _ _ _ _ _ is a preference for a particular activity.

Answer 77

interest

Question 78

Measure of intellectual functioning of an individual in terms of age, according to Binet is called _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 78

mental age

Question 79

IQ scores of people from any population on a graph will form a _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 79

normal curve

Question 80

All the mental processes that deal with obtaining and processing information and integrating them is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 80

simultaneous processing

Question 81

What do you mean by individual differences?

Answer 81

(i) Individual differences refer to distinctiveness and variations among people's characteristics. (ii) Different traits can exist in varying degrees in an individual. (iii) Each one of us is unique as we possess a novel or typical combination of various traits.

Question 82

How individual differences are useful for the society?

Answer 82

(i) Individual differences make the world beautiful, purposeful and goal directed. (ii) Different people have different needs and to satisfy the different needs, different types of skills are required. That is why variability is a fact of nature which helps in adaptation