Ch. 1 What is Organizational Behavior Flashcards
(92 cards)
1
Q
Which function of management involves defining an organization’s goals and establishing strategies to achieve them?
A
Planning
2
Q
What management activity includes determining tasks, grouping tasks, and deciding who reports to whom?
A
Organizing
3
Q
Which management function involves motivating employees and resolving conflicts?
A
Leading
4
Q
What is the primary focus of the controlling function in management?
A
Monitoring and correcting organizational perfomance
5
Q
As managers move from lower-level to mid-level management, which function increases the most in importance?
A
Planning
6
Q
What type of skills involve the ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise?
A
Technical Skills
7
Q
Which skills are crucial for understanding, communicating with, motivating, and supporting other people?
A
People skills
8
Q
What skills are necessary for managers to analyze and diagnose complex situations?
A
Conceptual skills
9
Q
Which skill set is essential for decision making, including identifying problems and developing alternative solutions?
A
Conceptual skills
10
Q
Why are people skills important for managers?
A
Because they need to get things done through other poeple
11
Q
What are technical skills?
A
The ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise, often learned through formal education or on-the-job training.
12
Q
According to Luthan’s study, which managerial activity contributes the most to the success of managers in terms of promotion?
A
Networking
13
Q
Which managerial activity was found to contribute the least to the success of managers in terms of promotion?
A
Human resource management
14
Q
For effective managers, which activity contributes the most to their effectiveness?
A
Communication
15
Q
Which managerial activity contributes the lease to the effectiveness of managers?
A
Networking
16
Q
What are the four managerial activities identified by Fred Luthans and his associates?
A
Traditional management, communication, human resources management, and networking.
17
Q
What does Organizational Behavior study?
A
The impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations.
18
Q
Which of the following is not a core topic included in Organizational Behavior?
A
Technological Innovation
19
Q
What are the three determinants of behavior in organizations that OB focuses on?
A
Individuals, groups, and structure.
20
Q
What is the ultimate goal of applying knowledge gained from OB?
A
Improving an organizations effectiveness
21
Q
In what context does OB examine behavior?
A
In the context of job attitudes, absenteeism, employee turnover, productivity, performance, and management.
22
Q
What are job attitudes
A
An individual’s feelings and beliefs about their job
23
Q
Employee turnover
A
The rate at which employees leave a workforce and are replaced
24
Q
Productivity
A
The efficiency of production of goods or services expressed by some measure.
25
Organizational culture
The values, beliefs, and norms that influence the behavior of people within an organization.
26
What is a major privacy concern associated with the us of big data and AI?
Suerveillance
27
Which company changed their break-time policies based on big data to increase productivity?
A bank call center and a pharmaceutical company
28
What did Bread winners Cafe in Dallas, Texas, use surveillance data for?
To promote or discipline its servers.
29
What was a significant finding from the pioneering studies at the Hawthorne Western Electric Plant?
Productivity was influenced by group dynamics and norms
30
What did Frederick Taylor introduce in 1911 to increase productivity?
Surveillance analytics
31
What is a limitation of AI mentioned in the paragraph?
Failing to capture the obvious 'big picture'
32
What is a key recommendations for using big data and AI in decision making?
Use evidence as much as possible to inform decisions
33
Which behavioral science discipline primarily contributes to the study of learning, motivation, and personality in OB?
Psychology
34
What is the main focus of social psychology in the context of OB?
Group processes and group decision making
35
Which discipline's contributions include formal organization theory and organization technology?
Sociology
36
Which discipline's contributions to OB include cross-cultural analysis and comparative values?
Anthropology
37
What was the focus of early industrial/organizational psychologists in OB?
Fatigue, boredom, and working conditions
38
Which concept has led to an affective revolution in OB research?
The study of emotions and moods
39
What is the primary focus of social psychology
Peoples influence on one another
40
Which two disciplines does social psychology blend concepts from?
Psychology and sociology
41
What is a central study area in social psychology?
Change and how to implement it
42
What do social psychologists study in relation to group behavior?
Power and conflict
43
Corporate social responsibility is
CSR, an organization's self-regulated actions to benefit society or the environment beyond what is required by law.
44
What is workforce inclusion
The act of creating and maintain workplaces that support and leverage the diversity of their members.
45
what is productivity
The combination of the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization
46
What is sociology
The study of people in relation to their social environment or culture
47
What is controlling
Monitoring activities to ensure that they are being accomplished as planned and correcting any significant deviations.
48
What are outcomes
Key factors that are affected by other variables
49
What are contringency variables
Situational factos or variables that moderate the relationship between two or more variables.
50
What is psychology
The sciences that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.
51
What are processess
Actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that lead to certain outcomes.
52
What is (un)ethical behavior?
Any actions that violate widely accepted moral norms. Conversely, ethical behaviors are any actions that meet or exceed widely accepted moral norms.
53
What is stress?
A generally unpleasant perception and appraisal of stressors.
54
What is workforce diversity
The heterogeneous characteristics of organizations, work groups, and teams that recognize their workers vary in gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and other characteristics.
55
What is effectiveness
The degree to which an organization meets the needs of its clentele or customers
56
What is leading?
A function that includes motivating employees, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels, and resolving conflicts.
57
What is team performance?
The quantity and quality of a group's work output.
58
What is systematic study?
Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence.
59
What is organization?
A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.
60
What is efficiency?
The degree to which an organization can achieve its ends at a low cost.
61
What are technical skills?
The ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise.
62
What are inputs?
Variables like personality, group structure, and organizational culture that lead to processes.
63
What is organizational citizenship behavior?
(OCB) Discretionary behavior that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace.
64
What is withdrawal behavior?
The set of actions employees take to separate themselves from the organization.
65
What are people skills?
The ability to work with, understand, and motivate other people, both individually and in groups.
66
What are ethical dilemmas and ethical choices?
Situations in which individuals are required to define right and wrong conduct.
67
What is a model?
an abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.
68
What is evidence-based management?
(EBM) Basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence.
69
What are conceptual skills?
The mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations.
70
What is expatriate?
A person who works outside their native country.
71
What is positive organizational scholarship?
An area of OB research that studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality, build resilience, and unlock potential.
72
What is organizing?
Determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and were decisions are to be made.
73
What is organizational survival?
The degree to which an organization can exist and grow over the long term.
74
What is organizational behavior?
(OB) A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization's effectiveness
75
What is intuition?
An instinctive feelign not necessarily supported by research.
76
What is anthropology?
The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities.
77
What is planning?
A process that includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities.
78
What is a manager?
An individual who achieves goals through other poeple.
79
What is job performance?
The total values of a workers' contributions to an organization through their behaviors overa period of time.
80
What is globalization?
The process in which worldwide integration and interdependence is promoted across national borders.
81
What is social psychology?
An area of psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology to focus on the influence of people on one another.
82
What is a worker?
An individual who contributes to the accomplishment of work goals.
83
Johanna Reid, a campaign manager at a children's rights organization, has recently started working on an illiteracy project. During this project, she needs to motivate team members to achieve their project milestones and direct them through different phases of the project. Which of the following managerial functions is Johanna Reid undertaking?
A. Leading
B. Organizing
C. Planning
D. Evaluating
A. Leading.
The leading function of managers involves motivating employees, directing their activities, selecting the most effective communication channels, and resolving conflicts among members.
84
The director of a humane society participates in the ceremony for its new facility and delivers a speech tanking those who donated to the building fund. Which of Mintzberg's managerial roles does this best describe?
A. Negotiator
B. Figurehead
C. Entrepreneur
D. Monitor
B. Figurehead
This role involves being the symbolic head of the organization and performing duties of a legal or social nature.
85
A marketing department at a large international organization is engaged in the statistical analysis and compilation of information on uses who logged onto the organization's website and made purchases within the last year. The marketing department may be using big data to:
A. Predict the behavior of current customers.
B. Define objectives
C. Determine the best organizational structure
D. Reach consumers
A. Predict the behavior of current customers.
86
Managers who oversee the movement of jobs to countries with low-cost labor are most likely to:
A. Operate in markets where they can lose competitive advantage by exporting jobs.
B. Provide poor customer service to the majority of global customers
C. Work for organizations that operate in niche markets.
D. Face the difficult task of balancing the interest of different groups of people.
D. Face the difficult task of balancing the interest of different groups of people.
87
When Jay's company considered opening a sales office in Lisbon, Portugal, he was astonished to learn that, according to law, employees are entitled to 13 paid holidays and 22 days of paid vacation. Which issues confronting managers would this best reflect?
A. Workforce diversity
B. Ethical Behavior
C. Workforce demographics
D. Adapting to differing cultural/regulatory norms
D. Adapting to differing cultural/regulatory norms
88
Which of the following terms best describes organizations that allow people to communicate and work together even though they may be thousands of miles apart?
A. Matrix Organizations
B. Hierarchical Organizations
C. Networked organizations
D. Flat organizations
C. Networked Organizations
89
According to a recent survey, which of the following was deemed the definition of career success by 56 percent of men and women?
A. Work-life balance
B. Responsibility
C. High Salary
D. Autonomy
A. Work-life balance
90
Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma?
A. Should I ask my manager for leave during the school holidays even though I don't have children?
B. Should I play politics to advance my career?
C. Should I discuss the perks being offered with management?
D. Should I work extra hours to complete my assignment?
B. Should I play politics to advance my career?
91
Group ______ is the extent to which members of a group support and validate one another at work.
A. Think
B. Cohesion
C. Maturity
D. Affect
B. Cohesion
92
The concept of "reflected best-self" means:
A. Asking employees to think about when they were at their personal best in order to exploit their strengths
B. Focusing on eliminating one's shortcomings to bring out the best in oneself
C. Making employees aware of their weaknesses
D. Observing and monitoring the drawbacks of a team and then increasing is efficiency with the help of adequate training.
A. Asking employees to think about when they were at their personal best in order to exploit their strengths
