Ch 10 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, & Solids

Question 1

A homogeneous part of the system in contact with other parts of the system, but separated from them by a well defined boundary is called a

Answer 1

PHASE

There are 2 phases:

Solid phase - ice

Liquid phase - water

Question 2

Tell me about the state of matter, GAS: it’s volume/shape, density, compress, ability, motion of molecules

Answer 2

Assumes the VOLUME and SHAPE of its container
- LOW Density
- Very COMPRESSIBLE
- Very free motion

Question 3

Tell me about the state of matter, LIQUID: it’s volume/shape, density, compress, ability, motion of molecules

Answer 3

Has a DEFINITE VOLUME
-assumes the SHAPE OF ITS CONTAINER
-HIGH density
- slightly COMPRESSIBLE
- particles slide past 1 another freely

Question 4

Tell me about the state of matter, SOLID: it’s volume/shape, density, compress, ability, motion of molecules

Answer 4

SOLID has a DEFINITE VOLUME & SHAPE
- High Density
- virtually INCOMPRESSIBLE
- vibrate about fixed positions

Question 5

Attractive forces between molecules are called:

Answer 5

Intermolecular Forces

(Inter = between molecules)

Question 6

What holds atoms together in a molecule?

Answer 6

InTRAmolecular forces
(Intra = inside a molecule)

Question 7

Intermolecular vs InTRAmolecular

Answer 7

41 kJ to VAPORIZE 1 mole of H2O (Inter)

930 kJ to break all O-H bonds in 1 mole of water (intra)

Generally, INTERmolecular forces are much weaker than INTRAmolecular forces

Question 8

What is used to measure intermolecular force?

Answer 8

Boiling point & melting point

Question 9

What are the four types of intermolecular forces?

Answer 9

Dipole-dipole
Ion-dipole
Dispersion (everything has)
Hydrogen bonding

Question 10

What are attractive forces between two polar molecules?- + attracted to -

Answer 10

Dipole-dipole forces

Question 11

What are attractive forces between an ion and a polar molecule?

Answer 11

Ion-Dipole Interaction
Na+ with I-

Question 12

What is one example of ion dipole interaction between water and cations?

Answer 12

HYDRATION

Question 13

What are attractive forces that arise as a result of temporary die poles induced in atoms or molecules?

Answer 13

Dispersion forces
Ion induced involves a cation & dipole
Dipole induced involves a dipole-dipole

Question 14

Induced dipoles interactive with each other

Answer 14

Question 15

The ease with which the electron distribution in the atom or molecule can be distorted is called?

Answer 15

Polarizability

Question 16

A special type of interaction between hydrogen and a polar bonds between O, N, or F; represented by a dashed line

Answer 16

Hydrogen bonding

Question 17

More examples of hydrogen bonding

Answer 17