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Nov 26: T&D > Ch 10 Janine done > Flashcards

Ch 10 Janine done Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of training DOES NOT transfer to the learner?

A

60-90%

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2
Q

What is transfer of training?

A

The application of the knowledge and skills acquired in a training program and the maintenance of acquired knowledge and skills over time.

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3
Q

What are the two conditions of transfer of training?

A

Generalization

Maintenance

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4
Q

What does generalization refer to?

A

The use or application of learned material to the job.

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5
Q

What does maintenance refer to?

A

The use or application of learned material to the job over time.

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6
Q

The extent to which a training program transfers to the job can be described as:

A

Negative
Zero
Positive

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7
Q

What is negative transfer of training?

A

Trainees who’s performance on the job decreases after training.

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8
Q

What is zero transfer of training?

A

Trainees who do not apply new learning on the job.

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9
Q

What is positive transfer of training?

A

Trainees effectively apply new learning on the job.

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10
Q

What are the types of transfer of training?

A

Near
Far
Horizontal
Vertical

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11
Q

What is near transfer of training?

A

Applying new learning to situations that are very similar to those in which training occurred. ie. learning excel in a quite room and using excel in a quite cubicle

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12
Q

What is far transfer of training?

A

Applying new learning to situations that are different from those in which learning occurred.

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13
Q

What is horizontal transfer of training?

A

Transfer across different settings or context at the same level.

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14
Q

What is vertical transfer of training?

A

Transfer from the trainee level to the organizational level or impact on org. outcomes.

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15
Q

What percentage to trainees apply to their jobs immediately?

A

62%

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16
Q

What percent of training is retained after six months?

A

44%

17
Q

What percent of training is retained after a year?

A

34%

18
Q

What percent of training investments result in a positive change?

A

51%

19
Q

What are the characteristics that trainees need to have to maximize transfer?

A

Motivation to learn, high cognitive abilities, self-efficacy
Internal locus of control and need for achievement
High job involvement, job satisfaction, org. commitment.

20
Q

What are Baldwin and Ford’s factors that contribute to positive transfer of training?

A

Training inputs: trainee characteristics, training design, , and the work environment.
Training outputs
The conditions of transfer: generalization and maintenance

21
Q

According to Baldwin and Ford, what has direct effect on learning and retention?

A

Trainee characteristics, training design, and the work environment.

22
Q

What are important elements to the work environment in pre-training?

A

Management actions that send messages that say training is important to the org.
Organizational constraints such as lack of time, equipment, and or resources.

23
Q

What are the elements in the work environment post-training that effect transfer of training?

A

support provided by trainees’ supervisor and peers.
Training transfer culture
Continuous learning culture.

24
Q

What is a continuous learning culture?

A

A culture where members believe knowledge and skill acquisition are part of their job responsibilities and is important to work life in the org.

25
Q

What are the learning principles that can be incorporated into training design?

A

Identical elements
General principals
Stimulus variability

26
Q

What does identical elements involve?

A

Providing trainees with training experiences and conditions that closely resemble those in the actual work environment. Transfer only occurs if identical elements are present and are important for near transfer.

27
Q

What does general principals involve?

A

Teaching trainees general rules, theory, and principles that underlie the use and application of trained knowledge and skills.

28
Q

What is stimulus variability?

A

Providing a variety of stimuli or experiences ie. multipule examples or a concept and practice in different settings

29
Q

What are the activities that management should undertake before training to maximize transfer of training?

A

Decide who should attend ie. who demonstrates readiness to learn, and trainability tests.
Increase motivation of trainees; discuss what’s in it for them, provide support.

30
Q

What activities should trainers undertake before training?

A

Ensure application of ISD model
Ensure all parties know the objectives and benefits of training.
Find out needs expectations
Ensure that trainees are prepared with pre-reading/pre-requisites.

31
Q

What activities should trainees undertake before training?

A

Find out training objectives.
Meet with supervisor to create action plan for learning and transfer
Prepare for training. ie. read material.

32
Q

What are the activities that management should undertake during the training?

A

participate
Attend programs before training
Reassign trainees work while they are attending the program.

33
Q

What are the activities that the trainer should undertake during training?

A

Incorporate learning principles in the design
Make sure examples are relevant and meaningful
Get trainees to prepare a performance contract
provide interventions at end of content portion.

34
Q

What are the types of transfer interventions that take place before the trainee returns to work?

A

Relapse Prevention: anticipate transfer obstacles and develop coping skills
Self-management: performa series of steps to manage
Goal setting: set SMART goals to enhance transfer
teach trainees about goal setting process.

35
Q

What activities should trainees undertake during training?

A

Have a positive attitude
actively participate
Develop action plan for application of training on the job

36
Q

What activities should management undertake after training?

A

Ensure trainees have immediate and frequent opportunities to practice and apply learning
Encourage and reinforce trainees’ application of new skills.
Develop action plan with trainee
arrange practice sessions
give promotional preference to employees who have completed training.

37
Q

Activities for the trainer after training:

A

Stay involved by:
Conducting field visits
Observe trainees and provide feedback and support.

38
Q

Activities for the trainee after training:

A

Begin using learning ASAP
Form a buddy system
Develop strategies for overcoming relapses
Set goals for transfer

Nov 26: T&D (3 decks)

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