Ch 10 Problems of the Breast

Question 1

micromastia

Answer 1

very small underdeveloped breasts

Question 2

macromastia

Answer 2

large breasts that cause back or shoulder pain

Question 3

most common benign condition of the breasts

Answer 3

cystic masses

Question 4

breast pain

Answer 4

mastalgia

Question 5

mastalgia assessment

Answer 5

characteristics of pain
pattern
is it cyclic?
is the pain concentrated?

Question 6

What mass is:
- moveable
- soft
- has well differentiated borders

Answer 6

cystic masses

Question 7

Treatment of fluid and solid built cysts

Answer 7

fluid: aspiration of the fluid
solid: no treatment

Question 8

cystic mass pharmacological interventions

Answer 8

NASAIDs
OCPs

Question 9

cystic mass alternative treatments

Answer 9

evening primrose oil

Question 10

benign solid masses

Answer 10

fibroadenoma

Question 11

risk factors for infections of the breast

Answer 11

smoking, impairment of the skin, diabetes

Question 12

inflammation of the skin on the breast

Answer 12

cellulitis

Question 13

____% of lumps are discovered by ________________.

Answer 13

90%, BSE (Breast Self Examination)

Question 14

Nursing actions for BSE

Answer 14

1) Educate on same time and pattern
2) provide written eduation
3) offer therapeutic communication.

Question 15

The most significant concern for potential malignant conditions of the breast.

Answer 15

Unilateral changes.

Question 16

A woman presents to a health care clinic complaining of a lump in her breast. Which finding is highly suggestive of breast cancer?

A) Pain in her breasts bilaterally prior to menses
B) Newly retracted right nipple
C) Left breast larger than the right
D) Milky discharge expressed from both breasts

Answer 16

D) Newly retracted right nipple

Question 17

2nd leading cause of death in women

Answer 17

Breast cancer

Question 18

Breast cancer survival rate

Answer 18

83%

Question 19

The most important preventative treatment to breast cancer.

Answer 19

Early detetction

Question 20

Genetic anomalies predisposing women to breast cancer.

Answer 20

BRCA 1
BRCA 2

Question 21

Protocol for detected BRCA 1 and/or 2 genetic mutations.

Answer 21

• biannual breast exams with imaging
• chemoprevention (prophylactically)
• potential choice of mastectomy (unilateral/bilateral)

Question 22

Most common type of breast cancer

Answer 22

Ductal Carcinoma

Question 23

Effect the rate of cancer growth

Answer 23

estrogen
progesterone
other subtypes of hormone and receptors.

Question 24

Nonpalpable tumors are found in:

Answer 24

the lobules

Question 25

often misdiagnosed as mastitis

Answer 25

Inflammatory breast cancer

Question 26

Reddish discolored rash, typically presents as stage 2

Answer 26

inflammatory breast cancer

Question 27

Cancer cells enter the blood and travel to other areas of the body. i.e., the bones, brain, lung, and liver.

Answer 27

metastasize

Question 28

Gold standard diagnostic tool

Answer 28

Mammography

Question 29

lumpectomy

Answer 29

take out the tumor and small margin of healthy tissue

Question 30

mastectomy

Answer 30

removal of the breast tissue. MOST INVASIVE

Question 31

skin irritation
heaviness in breasts
fatigue

Answer 31

radiation side effects

Question 32

Side effects of Tamoxifen

Answer 32

cataracts
endometrial cancer
weight gain
stroke
hot flashes
DVT
mood changes

Question 33

Tamoxifen

Answer 33

hormonal therapy

Question 34

presence of the BRCA gene increases the likelihood of breast cancer to

Answer 34

85%