Ch. 10 Quiz

Question 1

Occupational annual effective dose limit

Answer 1

50 mSv/ 5 rem

Question 2

Occupational cumulative effective dose limit

Answer 2

10 mSv x age

Question 3

Public equivalent dose limit for lens of eye

Answer 3

15 mSv/ 1.5 rem

Question 4

Embryo/ Fetus monthly equivalent dose

Answer 4

0.5 mSv/ 0.05 rems

Question 5

Embryo/ Fetus monthly equivalent dose

Answer 5

0.5 mSv/ 0.05 rems

Question 6

Occupational equivalent dose for skin, hands, and feet

Answer 6

500 mSv/ 50 rems

Question 7

General public effective dose limit for infrequent exposure

Answer 7

5 mSv/ 0.5 rems

Question 8

Advisory group or regulatory group:

(ICRP) international Commission on Radiological Protection

Answer 8

Advisory group

Question 9

Advisory group or regulatory group:

U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Answer 9

Regulatory group

Question 10

Advisory group or regulatory group:

United States Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR)

Answer 10

Advisory group

Question 11

Advisory group or regulatory group:

United States Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR)

Answer 11

Advisory group

Question 12

Advisory group or regulatory group:

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)

Answer 12

Advisory group

Question 13

Advisory group or regulatory group:

U.S Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

Answer 13

Regulatory group

Question 14

Deterministic (non-stochastic): Effects follow a non-threshold dose limit.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Explain what the concept of ALARA means:

Answer 15

As Low As Reasonably Achievable.

Question 16

List the three cardinal rules:

Answer 16

Time, distance and shielding

Question 17

What is the difference between primary protective barrier and secondary barrier?

Answer 17

primary - direct line of source (tube)

secondary - scatter radiation and leakage radiation hit (tech barrier)

Question 18

Increase / Decrease

For stochastic effects: if dose increases, the chance of the effect ________

Answer 18

Increase

Question 19

A 22 year old technologist has been working in the radiology field for 3 years. What is the cumulative effective dose for this technologist?

Answer 19

220 mSv

Question 20

List 2 types of stochastic effects:

Answer 20

Genetic effects and cancer

Question 21

Which one of the following agencies is a regulatory agency responsible for protecting both the public and occupationally exposed individuals from the effects of ionizing radiation?

Answer 21

(NRC) nuclear regulatory commissions

Question 22

When no threshold dose for radiation exists, the effect is known as

Answer 22

Stochastic

Question 23

Deterministic effects of ionizing radiation include

Answer 23

Sterility, cataracts and skin erythema

Question 24

Radiation exposure limits applicable to the protection of radiation workers are known as ____ limits.

Answer 24

Dose

Question 25

Dose limits have been established for

Answer 25

The whole body, certain tissues and specific organs

Question 26

The annual effective dose limit for a 24-year-old radiographer to ionizing radiation is ____.

Answer 26

50 mSv/ 5 rem

Question 27

The annual effective dose limit for an individual in the general public for infrequent exposure to ionizing radiation is ____ rem.

Answer 27

0.5 rem

Question 28

What is the cumulative dose limit for a 36-year-old radiation worker?

Answer 28

360 mSv

Question 29

How To reduce an individual’s exposure to ionizing radiation

Answer 29

To reduce the amount of time spent in the vicinity of the radiation source. Increase the distance between the individual and the radiation source. Standing behind a lead barrier during exposure

Question 30

If the distance between the individual and the source of radiation is doubled, the exposure to the individual will be reduced by a factor of

Answer 30

4

Question 31

For an individual to reduce exposure by a factor of 25, the distance between the individual and the source of ionizing radiation should

Answer 31

Increase by a factor of 5

Question 32

By design, primary barriers are able to intercept and absorb

Answer 32

Primary radiation. Secondary radiation. The useful beam.

Question 33

Secondary barriers are intended to intercept

Answer 33

Scatter radiation from the patient and leakage from X-ray tube.

Question 34

Protective devices include all of the following

Answer 34

Lead aprons. Lead gloves. Lead glasses

Question 35

Protective aprons and gloves are usually made of lead-impregnated vinyl within the range of ____ lead equivalency.

Answer 35

0.25-1.0 mm

Question 36

For fluoroscopic procedures with a kVp of 100 or more, the protective apron must possess a minimum of ____ lead equivalent.

Answer 36

0.5 mm

Question 37

Proper x-ray beam collimation does all of the following

Answer 37

Reduce patient dose. Improve radiographic image quality. Reduce scatter radiation.

Question 38

Which of the following technical factors are chosen to minimize patient dose?

Answer 38

high kVp/low mAs

Question 39

The NCRP recommends a minimum total filtration of ____ for x-ray equipment operating above 70 kVp.

Answer 39

2.5 mm Al/ Eq

Question 40

The use of a radiographic grid when performing a femur radiograph will result in

Answer 40

An increase in patient dose

Question 41

Special gonadal shields should be employed any time the gonads are

Answer 41

Within 5 cm of the primary beam

Question 42

As the relative system (RS) speed of the image receptor increases, patient dose

Answer 42

Decrease

Question 43

The lenses of the eyes will receive the greatest dose during which one of the following procedures?

Answer 43

AP skull

Question 44

A fetus is most radiosensitive during ____ postconception.

Answer 44

8-15 weeks

Question 45

The cardinal rules of radiation protection are

Answer 45

time, distance, shielding

Question 46

The concept of ALARA

Answer 46

necessarily requires a benefit vs. risk assessment by the ordering physician.

Question 47

All of the following would be effective structural protective barrier materials

Answer 47

lead-lined drywall. 12-inch-thick solid concrete. lead-impregnated acrylic polymer. NOT CARBON FIBER

Question 48

As a professional radiographer, the practice of ALARA requires you to

Answer 48

restrict the x-ray beam to the clinical area of interest

Question 49

An x-ray sales account manager who demonstrates the usage of his or her product to radiographers once or twice a year, would be classified as

Answer 49

an occasionally exposed radiation worker

Question 50

What is the cumulative effective dose limit for a 45-year-old radiographer who has been in the profession working full-time for 15 years?

Answer 50

450 mSv

Question 51

an obsolete radiation worker protection philosophy is?

Answer 51

ALARA

Question 52

a threshold dose will likely yield the biologic effect

Answer 52

Deterministic effect

Question 53

legally responsible to enforce NRC regulations

Answer 53

Agreement state

Question 54

random in nature and non-threshold dose response

Answer 54

Stochastic effect

Question 55

Stochastic effects: No threshold Dose ____ chance of effect____

Answer 55

Dose increase, chance of effect increase

Question 56

DETERMINISTIC EFFECTS: Threshold is assumed Dose____, severity of effect ____

Answer 56

Dose increases, severity of effect increases

Question 57

2 groups of radiation protection purposes

Answer 57

1. Radiation workers ( occupationally exposed workers and occasionally exposed workers) 2. General public

Question 58

Dose equivalent

Answer 58

Based on the average dose at a point in tissue

Question 59

Equivalent dose

Answer 59

Based on the average absorbed dose in the tissue or organ

Question 60

Cumulative effective dose formula

Answer 60

E= 10 mSv x N

Question 61

Most critical NRC regulation is the whole body exposure is

Answer 61

50 mSv (5rem)/ yr Or 500 mSv ( 50rem)/ yr to ANY organ

Question 62

Protective devices: Gloves

Answer 62

0.25 lead

Question 63

Protective devices: Apron

Answer 63

.25 mm of lead