Ch 11: interpersonal attraction and relationships

Question 1

What do evolutionary psychologists suggest about what people seek in a mate?

Answer 1

men seek fertile women (young and healthy), and women seek wealthy men, and who can protect (social status)

Question 2

what do men and women agree across culture is the most important quality for a mate? (2)

Answer 2

love and mutual attraction

Question 3

What do people find universally attractive? (evolutionary theory)

Answer 3

signs of youth and wealth (physical attractiveness), signs of “healthy genes” (symmetrical face features, no genetic abnormalities), and signs of “reproductive health” (waist to hip ratio)

Question 4

what are Universals of physical attractivness? (3)

Answer 4

(clear complexion, bilateral symmetry, and average features)

Question 5

What are cultural variabilities for physical attractiveness?

Answer 5

body weight (hip to waist ratio)

Question 6

propinquity effect

Answer 6

physical nearness has been found to be a significant factor in the development of relationships

Question 7

more-exposure effect

Answer 7

the more often we are exposed to a stimulus the more likely we are to view that stimulus positively (more we are around someone the more we will like them)

Question 8

familiarity

Answer 8

people are more attracted to that which is familiar

Question 9

Similarity-attraction effect

Answer 9

we like others who are like us, similar in age, social class, race, education etc

Question 10

the matching hypothesis

Answer 10

we like others who valiate out points of view and who are similar in thoughts, desires and attutudes

Question 11

do americans have positive or negtaive correlations between satisfaction and attractiveness?

Answer 11

positive

Question 12

do Ghanians have positive or negative correlations between satisfaction and attractiveness?

Answer 12

negative

Question 13

relational mobility

Answer 13

refers to the perceived amount of opportunity that an individual has for forming new relationships

Question 14

What is high relational mobility and which culture does it affect?

Answer 14

Independent cultures: people have much freedom in deciding who they will have a relationship with, social environments allow for this

Question 15

what is low relational mobility and which context does it affect?

Answer 15

interdependent context, people have far less freedom in deciding who they will have relationships with (determined by circumstances)

Question 16

what are the three distinct areas of love?

Answer 16

intimacy, passion, commitment

Question 17

intimacy

Answer 17

includes caring, closeness and emotional support, communication, connectedness

Question 18

passion

Answer 18

comprised of physiological and emotional arousal, characterized bu excitement, happiness that accompany intense physical attraction

Question 19

commitment

Answer 19

refers to the cognitive process and decision to commit to love another person and the willingness to work to keep that love over the course of your life

Question 20

what are cultural variations of intimacy?

Answer 20

western couples experience more intimacy, especially in self disclosure, than east asian couples

Question 21

what are cultural variation in passion?

Answer 21

Westerners report higher passion for romantic partners than east asians

Question 22

what are cultural variations in commitment?

Answer 22

feelings of commitment were found to be stronger in asian than in the west

Question 23

what are risk factors for early sexual activity?

Answer 23

early puberty maturation, porr parental monitoring, poor parent-child communication, sextually active peers

Question 24

why do emerging adults not wait until marriage to have sex?

Answer 24

later marriage

Question 25

what are predictors of divorce?

Answer 25

poor education, economic disadvantage, role overload, not attending religious services, experiencing multiple life stressors

Question 26

what are the four horsemen in troubled relationships?

Answer 26

criticism, contempt, defensiveness, stonewalling (tuning partner out)