Ch 11 Nervous System

Question 1

The general types of cells that make up the nervous system are _______ and _________ cells

Answer 1

Neurons ; glial cells

Question 2

The two major subdivisions of the nervous system are the_______ and the _________ nervous systems

Answer 2

Central (CNS) and Peripheral (PNS)

Question 3

The subdivision of the nervous system that consists of nerve tissue external to the central nervous system is the ______ nervous system

Answer 3

Peripheral

Question 4

The division of the nervous system that is responsible for processing, integrating, storing and responding to information is the ________ nervous system

Answer 4

Central

Question 5

Select all of the cell types that are components of the nervous system.

• Neurons
• Neurite
• Myoglia
• Glial Cells

Answer 5

Neurons ; glial cells

Question 6

The sensory division is also known as the ________ division of the nervous system

Answer 6

Afferent

Question 7

The motor divisions of the peripheral nervous system is further divided into the __________ subdivisions

A. Autonomic and somatic
B. Afferent and Efferent

Answer 7

A. Autonomic and somatic

Question 8

The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system is also called the _____ division

A. Sensory
B. Motor

Answer 8

B. Motor

Question 9

The somatic nervous system is the sub-division of the efferent division that transmits electrical impulses from_______

A.) the CNS towards cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands

B.) the CNS towards skeletal muscle

C.) receptors towards the CNS

Answer 9

B.) The CNS towards skeletal muscle

Question 10

The division of the motor nervous system that is under involuntary control and innervates glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle is the ______ division

Answer 10

Autonomic

Question 11

The afferent division of the peripheral nervous system is also called the ______ division

A) Motor
B) Sensory

Answer 11

B) Sensory

Question 12

The somatic and autonomic nervous systems are subdivisions of the _______

A.) efferent division

B.) central nervous system

C.) Afferent division

Answer 12

A.) efferent division

Question 13

The motor division is synonymous with the ______ division of the nervous system

Answer 13

Efferent

Question 14

Which cell type accounts for over half of the brain’s weight and outnumbers neurons by 10 to 50 times?

Answer 14

Glial cells

Question 15

The somatic nervous system is ________ division of the motor division

A.) an involuntary

B.) a voluntary

Answer 15

B.) a voluntary

Question 16

The self-governing division of the motor division of the nervous system is the _______ nervous system

A.) somatic

B.) autonomic

Answer 16

B.) autonomic

Question 17

Which part of a neuron makes proteins and packages them into vesicles?

Answer 17

The cell body

Question 18

Niss bodies in neurons are the primary site of ________ synthesis

A) lipid
B) myelin
C) DNA
D) protein
E) RNA

Answer 18

D) Protein

Question 19

The highly branched cytoplasmic extensions of a neuron cell body that are specialized to receive input and conduct signals called toward the cell body are called what?

Answer 19

Dendrites

Question 20

Dendritic spines are _____ of dendrites

A) vesicles

B.) rough endoplasmic reticulum

C) small extensions

Answer 20

C.) small extensions

Question 21

An axon hillock transitions into the _______ segment of an axon

A) First
B) Intial
C) Primary
D) Opening

Answer 21

B) intial

Question 22

The point of contact between an axon and its target is called a(n)

A) synapse
B) Z line
C) intercalated disk

Answer 22

A) synapse

Question 23

What substance fills synaptic vesicles?

Answer 23

Neurotransmitter substances

Question 24

Neurons that are found between an afferent pathway and an efferent pathway are called

Answer 24

Interneurons

Question 25

A synapse is a _____ between two cells

Answer 25

Junction

Question 26

Afferent neurons carry information _______ the CNS A) toward B) away from

Answer 26

A) toward the CNS

Question 27

In the nervous system, the term _______ refers to signal conduction from the CNS to effectors. A) efferent B) Afferent C) association

Answer 27

A) efferent

Question 28

Branched cytoplasmic extensions of the neuron that receive input and transmit signals toward the cell body are

Answer 28

Dendrites

Question 29

What are the structural types of neurons? (Hint 3 answers)

Answer 29

Multipolar neuron, pseudo- unipolar and bipolar neuron

Question 30

What are the four types of CNS glial cells?

Answer 30

1.) astrocytes 2.) ependymal cells 3.) microglia 4) oligodendrocytes

Question 31

The star-shaped neuroglia with cytoplasmic processes extending outward from the cell body are

Answer 31

Astrocytes

Question 32

True or false: Motor neurons transmit nerve signals toward the CNS.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Schwann cells and satellite cells are examples of neuroglial cells in the _____ nervous system A) peripheral B) central

Answer 33

A) peripheral

Question 34

What is the name of the gaps found between segments of myelin along an axon?

Answer 34

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 35

There are several types of support cells within the nervous system. As a group, these support cells are called __________ cells.

Answer 35

Glial cells

Question 36

Glial cells that form processes which extend to blood vessels are ____ A) microglia B) astrocytes C) satellite cells D)oligodendrocytes

Answer 36

B) astrocytes

Question 37

The knotlike swelling in a nerve where neuron cell bodies are found is called a ______

Answer 37

Ganglion

Question 38

The electrical signals that are propagated along axons, regulating and coordinating body activities, are known as _________

Answer 38

action potentials

Question 39

Electrically excitable cells use the difference of ________ across the cell membrane to carry out their functions A. chemicals B. Hormones C. Proteins D. Ions

Answer 39

D. Ions

Question 40

True or false: The potential difference is caused by a difference in concentration of charged particles on either side of the cell membrane

Answer 40

True

Question 41

A cell is not stimulated but it does contain an electrical charge difference across its membrane. This charge difference is its __________ A. Depolarization B. Repolarization of charge C. Resting Membrane Potential D. Hyper polarization

Answer 41

C. Resting Membrane Potential

Question 42

Excitable cells operate through the movement of ions across ______ A. The nucleus B. The cytoplasm C. The plasma membrane D. Mitochondria

Answer 42

C. The plasma membrane

Question 43

When the resting membrane potential becomes more _______ the condition is referred to as hyperpolarization A. Positive B. Negative

Answer 43

B. negative

Question 44

When Na+ channels open, what happens to the Nations?

Answer 44

Na+ diffuses into the cell.

Question 45

Resting membrane potential is measured using a(n)

Answer 45

oscilloscope

Question 46

During an action potential, depolarization is due to _______ ions _______ the cell A. Calcium; leaving B. Potassium; entering C. Potassium; leaving D. Sodium; entering E. Sodium; leaving

Answer 46

D. Sodium; entering

Question 47

As the strength of a stimulus increases, the magnitude of a graded potential will ________ A. Stay the same B. Decrease C. Increase

Answer 47

C. Increase

Question 48

During a resting membrane potential, sodium-voltage gated channels are closed OR open?

Answer 48

Closed

Question 49

Sodium ions move into a neuron during _______ A. Depolarization B. Repolarization

Answer 49

A. Depolarization

Question 50

True or false: Once achieved, a single action potential can travel the distance of the entire axon of the neuron

Answer 50

False

Question 51

A refractory period is a time in which the plasma membrane becomes ___ to further stimulation A. More sensitive B. Less sensitive

Answer 51

B. Less sensitive

Question 52

The tvpe of action potential conduction in an unmyelinated axon is _________ conduction

Answer 52

Continuous