CH 11- the history of professionalization of interpreting

Question 1

SPOKEN LANG INTERPRETING

Answer 1

first looked upon as a profession at the Paris peace Conference in 1919 following WW1

Question 2

INTERPRETER EDUCATION

Answer 2

spoken lang: BA required, living 2 years in the country of the lang, completing a Master’s in interpretation and translation

signed lang: formal education 2 year program, BA and MA becoming more common

Question 3

COMPARING SPOKEN AND SIGN LANGUAGE INTERPRETERS

Answer 3

process of interpreting is the same
spoken lang interpreters have a shorter history of testing, cert, and professional associations than sign language interpreters
spoken will be working into their L2
spoken paid better

Question 4

LEGISLATION

Answer 4

the field of spoken and sign language interpretation has been significantly influenced by federal legislation in the US

Question 5

RID ESTABLISHED

Answer 5

1964 at Ball State Teacher’s College

incorporated in 1972, interpreters from US, Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand joined

Question 6

RID CERT 1972-1989

DEAF INTERPRETERS

Answer 6

Reverse Skills Certificate - awarded to Deaf individuals who successfully completed the interview and two sign-voice portions of the eval with 75% accuracy

Question 7

RID CERT 1972-1989

HEARING INTERPRETERS

Answer 7

comprehensive skills certificate
oral interpreter certificate-comprehensive
speciality certificates

Question 8

RID CERT 1988-2000

HEARING INTERPRETERS

Answer 8

Certificate of Interpretation

Certificate of Transliteration

Question 9

RID CERT 2000-PRESENT

HEARING INTERPRETERS

Answer 9

NAD-RID national Interpreting Certificate
- NIC 
- NIC Advanced
- NIC Masters
Certificate of Oral Transliteration

Question 10

RID CERT 2000-PRESENT

DEAF INTERPRETERS

Answer 10

certificated Deaf interpreter (CDI)

Question 11

Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada (AVLIC)

Answer 11

canadian interpreter org. founded in 1979

Question 12

AVLIC PURPOSE

Answer 12

promote standardized quality of interpreting services
providing an open forum for discussing issues pertinent to visual language interpreters
Advocating and providing professional development opportunities
encouraging the development of programs designed to facilitate the education and training of potential interpreters

Question 13

VOCATIONAL REHAB ACT OF 1965

Answer 13

identified sign language interpreting as a service for Deaf clients and vocational rehab for the first time, marking the beginning of paid interpreting opportunities for sign language interpreters in the US

Question 14

REHAB ACT OF 1973

Answer 14

defines handicapped individuals and their rights
mandates fully accessible rehab services
agencies and institutions receiving federal funds must be accessible
institutions must provide sign language interpreters and other forms of access accommodations

Question 15

EDUCATION FOR ALL HANDICAPPED CHILDREN ACT 1975

Answer 15

requires that disabled children be educated in the “least restrictive environment”
resulted in a proliferation of interpreting jobs within the elementary secondary schools

Question 16

THE COURT INTERPRETERS ACT OF 1978

Answer 16

mandates the use of only certified interpreters when non-english speaking litigants are involved in Federal court

Question 17

REHABILITATION AMENDMENTS OF 1978

Answer 17

mandates the use of personnel trained in the use of the client’s native lang or mode of communication
provides money that currently funds 12 interpreter education centers

Question 18

AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT 1991

Answer 18

applies the concept of “equal access” to the private business sector
ADA requires businesses of a certain minimum size to provide interpreters to Deaf employees, TTYs, etc