CH 12 Patterns Of Inher

Question 1

Blending Hypothesis

Answer 1

The idea Genetic material from two parents blends together(mixed)

Question 2

Particulate Hypothesis

Answer 2

Parent pass on discrete heritable genes

Question 3

Mendel documented what mechanism through his experiment?

Answer 3

Particulate

Question 4

Gregor Johann Mendel?

Answer 4

-Austrian Monk
-Discovered basic principles of hereditary

Question 5

Why Mendel Chose Pea Plants?

Answer 5

-variety
-Ease of cultivation
-Self pollinating
-Cross-Pollination

Question 6

First Law: Law of Segregation

Answer 6

Two copies of a gene separate, When an individual makes gametes

Question 7

Second Law: Law of independent Assortment

Answer 7

PAIR of alleles segregate independently of each other pair of alleles during gamete formation

Question 8

Genetics

Answer 8

Study of heredity

Question 9

Heredity

Answer 9

Transmission of traits from parents to offspring

Question 10

Trait

Answer 10

Any characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring

Question 11

Locus

Answer 11

Genetically defined location on chromosome

Question 12

Allele

Answer 12

Two forms of a given trait at a given locus

Question 13

Dominant Allele

Answer 13

-Manifests its self regardless of the other alleles that is present

Question 14

Recessive Allele

Answer 14

An allele that will allow its traits to be suppressed in the presence of a DOMINANT allele

Question 15

Homozygous

Answer 15

When both alleles at a given diploid locus are the same

Question 16

Heterozygous

Answer 16

When there is one Dominant and one Recessive allele present at a diploid location

Question 17

Frequency of Dominant Alleles

Answer 17

Dominant allele are not necessarily more common in populations than recessive alleles

Question 18

Genotype

Answer 18

Gene combination for a trait
(All the genes that make up an organism)

Question 19

Phenotype

Answer 19

Physical observations resulting from the genotype

Question 20

First law of Mendel

Answer 20

Law of Segregation
-Pair of alleles of each parent separate
-Only one Allele passes from each parent on to an offspring
-Which allele is passed on is a matter of chance.

Question 21

Testcross

Answer 21

Breeding the individual with a homozygous recessive individual

Question 22

Second Law of Mendel

Answer 22

Law of independent Assortment
-Pair of alleles segregates independently from one another
-DiHybrid cross
-Non-Homogeneous chromosomes

Question 23

Complete Dominance

Answer 23

Occurs when phenotypes of the heterozygous and dominant homozygote are identical

Question 24

InComplete Dominance

Answer 24

The phenotype of F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties

Question 25

CoDominance

Answer 25

Two alleles at one locus produce, phenotypes that are both present in the heterozygote

Question 26

Polygenic Inheritance

Answer 26

-Multi genes control phenotypes -quantitative traits

Question 27

Pleiotrophy

Answer 27

An allele which has more than one effect on the phenotype

Question 28

Epistasis

Answer 28

Gene at one locus alters the phenotype expression of a gene at a second locus

Question 29

Pedigree

Answer 29

Family tree that describes the interrelationships of parents and children across generations

Question 30

Autosome

Answer 30

Any eukaryotic chromosomes that is not a sex not chromosomes