Ch. 13-14

Question 1

Monastery

Answer 1

religious communities

Question 2

secular

Answer 2

activities that have no religious/spiritual basis (worldly: Santa, easter bunny)

Question 3

MIddle Ages

Answer 3

medieval period: 500-1500 A.D.

Question 4

Franks

Answer 4

a member of the ancient Germanic tribes

Question 5

Carolingian Dynasty

Answer 5

a family that ruled the Franks: 751-987

Question 6

Charlemagne

Answer 6

an emperor who founded the Carolingian Dynasty;

was 6’4’’

Question 7

Lord

Answer 7

landowner

Question 8

serf

Answer 8

a laborer under the feudal system who worked on the lord’s estate

Question 9

fief

Answer 9

person who granted land

Question 10

vassal

Answer 10

person receiving land

Question 11

knight

Answer 11

a person who served their lord as a mounted soldier in armor

Question 12

manor

Answer 12

lord’s estate/district

Question 13

tithe

Answer 13

church tax

Question 14

chivalry

Answer 14

complex set of ideals:

1. earthly feudal lord
2. heavenly lord
3. chosen lady

Question 15

tournament

Answer 15

a sporting event in which two knights on horses tries to knock each other off for a prize

Question 16

troubadour

Answer 16

poet-musicians that plays at castles/courts

Question 17

clergy

Answer 17

pope, bishops, priests

Question 18

sacrament

Answer 18

important religious ceremonies

Question 19

canon law

Answer 19

marriage/religious practice

Question 20

lay investiture

Answer 20

ceremony where kings/nobles appoints church officials

Question 21

Holy Roman Empire

Answer 21

an empire set up in western Europe with Charlemagne as emperor in year 800

was created by the medieval papacy to unite Christendom under one rule

Question 22

simony

Answer 22

bishops selling positions in the Church

Question 23

Gothic

Answer 23

style of architecture (large windows, high arches, elaborate tracery)

Question 24

Urban III

Answer 24

a pope

Question 25

Crusade

Answer 25

holy war

Question 26

Saladin

Answer 26

Kurdish warrior, Muslim leader

Question 27

Richard the Lion-Hearted

Answer 27

brilliant warrior and king of England in 1189

Question 28

Reconquista

Answer 28

Spanish driving out Muslims (moors) out of Spain

Question 29

Inquisition

Answer 29

a court (held by Church) suppressing heresy

Question 30

three-field system

Answer 30

farmers could grow crops on 2/3 of their land instead of half

Question 31

guild

Answer 31

an organization of individuals in the same job improving economic/social condition of its members

Question 32

burgher

Answer 32

a citizen of a town/city typically a member of the wealthy middle class

Question 33

vernacular

Answer 33

the language spoken by the ordinary people in a particular region

Question 34

scholastics

Answer 34

* schoolmen * teachings of law and gov't. * develop institutions/traditions

Question 35

commercial Revolution

Answer 35

a period of European economic expansion of trade/businesses

Question 36

Thomas Aquinas

Answer 36

argued basic religious truths could be proved logical argument wrote "Summa Theologicae"

Question 37

common law

Answer 37

a unified body of law

Question 38

parliament

Answer 38

legislative group

Question 39

William the Conqueror

Answer 39

duke of Normandy, France invaded England

Question 40

Henry II

Answer 40

English king and married Eleanor of Aquitaine

Question 41

Magna Carta

Answer 41

a charter that guaranteed certain basic political rights

Question 42

Hugh Capet

Answer 42

an undistinguished duke from middle of France

Question 43

Phillip II

Answer 43

became king at 15 years old, crafty and unprincipled greatly increased French's territory established bailiffs (able to collect king's taxes)

Question 44

Estates-General

Answer 44

advice representatives of all 3 classes of French society: clergy, nobles, townspeople

Question 45

Bubonic Plaque

Answer 45

deadly disease

Question 46

Avignon

Answer 46

a city in France

Question 47

Great Schism

Answer 47

division (2 popes split the Church)

Question 48

John Wycliffe

Answer 48

an English theologian who objected the Roman Catholic doctrine

Question 49

Jan Hus

Answer 49

a professor in Bohemia

Question 50

Hundred Years' War

Answer 50

French and English war: 1337-1453

Question 51

Joan of Arc

Answer 51

French peasant girl and led French army to victory burned at the stake for having visions