ch. 13

Question 1

Elliot + Madalena

Answer 1

subjects moved with stylus in response to short-lived stimulus, which is then taken away, found that they could remember stimulus if they responded quickly
-delay causes loss of information

Question 2

Adams

Answer 2

used pursuit rotor test, relatively large decrement after each 24 hour rest period but relearning occurred quickly
-taking rest is helpful but there is some loss from

Question 3

Neumann + Ammons

Answer 3

switches + learning lights to measure retention after different retention intervals

1 min: fairly well
2 days: 50% accuracy
1 year: worse than when we started

Question 4

Fleishman + Parker

Answer 4

retention is kept for up to 2 years when continuous task

Question 5

patient MT

Answer 5

-Alzheimer’s
-poor performance on cognitive verbal memory but retained golf skills

Question 6

patient HM

Answer 6

Henry Gustav Molaison
-bilateral medial temporal lobectomy to control epilepsy
-couldn’t form new memories + only retained STM, could learn motor skills but not cognitive-verbal skills

Question 7

absolute retention

Answer 7

minimizes problems

Question 8

relative retention

Answer 8

measured by difference score, percentage score, savings score

Question 9

difference score

Answer 9

amount loss in skill over retention interval (difference between performance at end vs beginning)
-represents forgetting process

Question 10

savings score

Answer 10

-Ebbinghaus
-represents savings in relearning

Question 11

percentage score

Answer 11

amount lost in retention over interval relative to amount of improvement that occurred in practice session

difference score/change in performance during practice x 100

Question 12

4 methods to look at retention loss

Answer 12

consolidation
iconic memory
brief post-movement memory
warm-up decrement

Question 13

consolidation

Answer 13

amount of time to make a memory solid so you won’t forget

Question 14

brief post-movement memory

Answer 14

-impacts facilitation + interference

-facilitation: same parameters of consecutive movements cause remaining memory to facilitate performance
-interference: opposite or different parameters of consecutive movements cause remaining memory to degrade performance

Question 15

facilitation

Answer 15

same parameters of consecutive movements cause remaining memory to facilitate performance

Question 16

interference

Answer 16

opposite or different parameters of consecutive movements cause remaining memory to degrade performance

Question 17

warm-up decrement

Answer 17

there is some loss from taking rest

Question 18

iconic memory

Answer 18

when you see something that disappears fast, you remember less + less the longer it gets from the event