CH 13 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM WITH EXAMPLES FROM THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Question 1

Nervous system is predominantly

Answer 1

electrical in nature

Question 2

ENDOCRINE structures communicate by secreting chemicals .

Answer 2

INTO THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Question 3

Because the endocrine system is a system wherein chemicals diffuse through the circulatory system

Answer 3

it is slower, but often long-lasting in effect.

Question 4

Endocrine System is Chemical in the way that it signals, does not have its own transmission line, it uses the already existing transport system of the Body

Answer 4

Circulatory system (reaches every single tissue of the body)

Question 5

the more complex and have a specific Target are?

Answer 5

Messengers

Question 6

Chemical Messengers –

Answer 6

Regulatory Molecules

Question 7

The messenger molecules are called

Answer 7

HORMONES.

Question 8

what is going to cause the signal to be received

Answer 8

Once they reach the Target Cell, the chemical is going to bind to a receptor on the Target Cell

Question 9

The Glands / Tissues that produce the Chemical Agents / chemical regulatory molecules are called

Answer 9

endocrine glands/organs

Question 10

rate at which cellular processes are happening

Answer 10

metabolism

Question 11

Why do Hormones come in contact with all tissues of the Body?

Answer 11

Because they are travelling in the Circulatory System

Question 12

If a Target Cell has a receptor then it is going to respond to the Hormone
But if a cell / organ / tissue lacks the receptor then

Answer 12

then it is not going to respond so it is not going to be effected

Question 13

Hormones are produced and secreted by endocrine cells in_____?

Answer 13

tRACE AMOUNTS

Question 14

Hormones circulate in the blood (in the circulatory system) to reach

Answer 14

all the tissues

Question 15

hormones react only with ____ present in certain target cells/tissues

Answer 15

specific receptor molecules

Question 16

Hormones can have ___, frequently activating enzymes.

Answer 16

CATALYTIC QUALITIES

Question 17

A single hormone may have multiple effects on a ____ or_____?

Answer 17

single target tissue, OR on several different target tissues.

Question 18

Changing Metabolism of the Cell / changing something in the cellular processes

Answer 18

metabolic effect

Question 19

generally MOVEMENTS OF SOME KIND. (e.g. pigment migration, muscle contraction, glandular secretion

Answer 19

kinetic effect

Question 20

have to do with GROWTH and DIFFERENTIATION of the cells by changing the metabolism of it.

Answer 20

morphogentic effect

Question 21

REGULATION OF HORMONE SECRETION

Generally modulated ______?

Answer 21

by NEGATIVE FEEDBACK effect / loop

Question 22

Negative Feedback Loop - Release a particular Hormone in order to ____ as soon as your body exhibits the ___ then that is going to turn off the release of the Hormone so it is going to Negatively Feedback, send back the signal that stops the release of the hormone
& That is how you control the Hormone

Answer 22

cause a desired effect

Question 23

Decrease in blood pressure causes decrease in amount of

Answer 23

extracelluar fluid

Question 24

Extracellular fluid is the fluid that is in the

Answer 24

interstitial

Question 25

A change in fluid pressure in the extracellular region is sensed by the

Answer 25

JUXTAGLOMERULAR CELLS.

Question 26

Decrease in extracellular pressure and blood pressure near distal convoluted tubule causes juxtaglomerular cells to release _____?

Answer 26

hormone RENIN

Question 27

RENIN in blood stream converts the liver enzyme ANGIOTENSINOGEN into?

Answer 27

ANGIOTENSIN I

Question 28

ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME (in the lung capillaries) converts Angiotensin I into ?

Answer 28

ANGIOTENSIN II.

Question 29

Angiotensin II causes ADRENAL GLAND to secrete/release

Answer 29

ALDOSTERONE

Question 30

ALDOSTERONE stimulates

Answer 30

stimulates ADH secretion; stimulates thirst; constricts arterioles

Question 31

High concentrations of ADH also cause

Answer 31

vasoconstriction

Question 32

Angiotensin II starts circulating throughout your system

Makes its way to the?

Answer 32

Adrenal Glands

Question 33

Aldosterone stimulates the___?

Answer 33

RETENTION OF SODIUM IONS