CH 14-15 Flashcards
(40 cards)
Theo believes that the birds in his neighborhood can understand him, so on his daily walk he makes sure to greet every bird he sees so they do not become upset with him. Under which criteria could Theo’s behaviors be considered a disorder?
deviance
maladaptive
behavior
personal distress
bizarre behavior
deviance
Research suggests that a risk factor for the development of anxiety disorders later in life is what kind of temperament in infancy?
difficult
inhibited
outgoing
slow-to-warm-up
inhibited
Which of the following has been identified as a major factor in the etiology of schizophrenia?
variations in dopamine activity
observational learning in adolescence
exposure to high-anxious peers at an early age
an extensive number of avoidance-avoidance conflicts
variations in dopamine activity
Marijuana use during adolescence may precipitate schizophrenia in people who have a genetic predisposition.
True or false
True
Anorexia nervosa can eventually lead to which of the following medical problems?
an increase of bone density
a loss of menstrual cycles in women
obesity
paranoia
a loss of menstrual cycles in women
The DSM-5:
has multiple axes to make a clearer distinction between disorders.
uses axes to make notations about physical illnesses, stressors, and global functioning.
lessened the number of specific diagnoses to allow for more greater ease of diagnosis.
includes a structured interview to allow clinicians to explore the cultural aspects of psychological problems.
includes a structured interview to allow clinicians to explore the cultural aspects of psychological problems.
Which of the following statements regarding gender differences in suicide attempts and deaths is true?
Men attempt and die by suicide more often than women.
There are no noted gender differences in suicide attempts and deaths between men and women.
Men attempt suicide more often, but women complete suicide more often.
Women attempt suicide more often, but men complete suicide more often.
Women attempt suicide more often, but men complete suicide more often.
Which of the following is a helpful suicide prevention tip?
Avoid talking to professionals.
Don’t be concerned about someone who talks vaguely about suicide.
In an acute crisis, do not leave a suicidal person alone.
Promise to keep the person’s suicidal thoughts secret.
In an acute crisis, do not leave a suicidal person alone.
One common criticism about the DSM-5 is that it:
avoids giving people potentially stigmatizing diagnostic labels.
contains fewer disorders than previous systems, making it easier to use.
labels everyday adjustment problems as a medical or mental illness.
provides specific criteria that allow therapists to classify individuals simply as normal or abnormal.
labels everyday adjustment problems as a medical or mental illness.
What is the best definition of prognosis?
a plan for treating an illness
distinguishing one illness from another
a forecast about the probable course of an illness
the apparent causation and developmental history of an illness
a forecast about the probable course of an illness
The therapeutic efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy:
is a matter of debate.
far outweighs any risks.
is clear for individuals with schizophrenia.
is minimal; thus, its use has been virtually discontinued.
is a matter of debate
Therapies that are “descendants” of Freud’s classical version of psychoanalysis are collectively known as:
cognitive approaches.
behavioral approaches.
client-centered approaches.
psychodynamic approaches.
psychodynamic approaches.
Therapeutic services are increasingly delivered via video-conferencing technologies.
True or false
True
The goal of systematic desensitization is to weaken the association between the unconditioned stimulus and conditioned response.
True and False
False
Prozac belongs to a class of medications called:
second generation antipsychotics.
MAO inhibitors.
atypical antidepressants.
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
Which of the following statements regarding the utilization of psychotherapy by members of ethnically underrepresented groups is accurate?
Ethnically underrepresented group members will use psychotherapy services if no other choices exist.
Ethnically underrepresented group members use psychotherapy services more frequently than majority group members.
Female members of ethnically underrepresented groups will use psychotherapy services if encouraged by males in their ethnic group.
A variety of barriers exist that most likely result in members of ethnically underrepresented groups underutilizing psychotherapy services.
A variety of barriers exist that most likely result in members of ethnically underrepresented groups underutilizing psychotherapy services.
Psychiatrists tend to emphasize:
group therapies.
behavioral therapies.
biomedical therapies.
humanistic therapies.
biomedical therapies.
Which of the following statements regarding the role of a therapist’s profession is accurate?
Only a clinical psychologist can prescribe drugs for disorders that merit drug therapy.
There is no reliable association between a therapist’s professional background and therapeutic efficacy.
Psychologists are generally considered to be more effective therapists than counselors or social workers.
Health insurance policies that cover psychotherapy generally specify that treatment must be provided by a psychiatrist.
There is no reliable association between a therapist’s professional background and therapeutic efficacy.
In the process of group therapy, group members function as therapists to one another.
True and False
True
Henrietta has a profound fear of snakes. Working with a therapist, she is gradually confronted with pictures and videos of snakes so that she can learn they are harmless. She is likely attending:
client-centered therapy.
cognitive-behavioral therapy.
exposure therapy.
insight therapy.
exposure therapy.
The fear of snakes and spiders is very common in people. Seligman (1971) would probably explain this with the idea of:
experience.
learning history.
ego comparison history.
preparedness.
preparedness.
The medical model posits that abnormal behavior is a disease.
True and False
True
A disorder characterized by intense fear of gaining weight, disturbed body image, refusal to maintain normal weight, and dangerous measures to lose weight is called:
amenorrhea.
osteoporosis.
bulimia nervosa.
anorexia nervosa.
anorexia nervosa.
The process of distinguishing one illness from another is called:
a diagnosis.
an etiology.
a prognosis.
somatization.
a diagnosis.
