Ch. 14

Question 1

Adaptive immunities

Answer 1

Not born with- developed/acquired

Question 2

Agranulocytes

Answer 2

Lymphocytes
Monocytes

Question 3

Antibodies

Answer 3

Recognize epitopes on antigens

Question 4

Cell-mediated immunity

Answer 4

T cells

Question 5

Chemokines

Answer 5

Cytokines that stimulate and movement and migration of WBCs- chemotactic factors

Question 5

Cytokines

Answer 5

Chemicals from WBCs and tissue cells that regulate development, inflammation, and immunity

Question 5

Defensins

Answer 5

Peptides from cells that damage membranes, lyse bacteria/fungi

in tears and saliva

Question 6

Granulocytes

Answer 6

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 7

GALT

Answer 7

Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues

lymphoid nodules in gastrointestinal tissues- subcategory of MALT

Peyer’s Patches in intestines

Question 8

Hematopoiesis

Answer 8

Production of blood cells

AKA Hemopoiesis

Question 9

Inflammation stages

Answer 9

1. Injury: vasoconstriction, blood clots, Mast cells release chemokines and cytokines
2. Vascular: nearby vasodilation, increased leakage of fluids and WBCs to area
3. Edema and Pus: fluid collection, edema, Neutrophils
4. Resolution/Scar: Macrophages, Lymphocytes, Fibroblasts

Question 10

Interferon

Answer 10

Anti-Viral Response

Produced by WBCs and tissues in response to viruses

Alpha: From lymphocytes/macrophages

Beta: From fibroblasts and epithelial cells

Gamma: From T cells

Question 11

Lysozyme

Answer 11

In granulocytes: digestive enzymes

Question 12

Membrane Attack Complex

Answer 12

C5b: builds a MAC out of C9 to punch hole thru cell membrane

Question 13

Mononuclear Phagocyte System

Answer 13

Reticular fiber system: connective tissue passageway between tissues and organs

Contains macrophages

Question 14

Humoral immunity

Answer 14

B cells

Question 15

Hydrolytic

Answer 15

digestive enzymes

Question 16

MALT

Answer 16

Mucosal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

All mucous membranes, including respiratory

Question 17

PAMPS

Answer 17

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns

nonspecific defense recognized by PRRs

Peptidoglycan-cell wall
LPS-outer membrane
Bacterial flagella

Question 18

PRRs

Answer 18

Pattern Recognition Receptors

nonspecific innate defense

recognize PAMPs- general non-self features

Question 19

Toll-Like Receptors

Answer 19

Receptors on macrophages that bind to PAMPs for phagocytosis

Question 20

Phagocytosis Steps

Answer 20

1. TLR binds to PAMP and triggers englufment
2. Pseudopods enclose antigen into phagosome
3. Lysosome fuses to form a Phagolososome
4. Elimination/digestion via chemicals

Question 21

Primary lymphoid organs

Answer 21

Origin of lymphocytes

Thymus Gland
Bone Marrow

Question 22

Pus

Answer 22

Neutrophils and fluid collection during inflammation

Question 23

ROI

Answer 23

Reactive Oxygen Intermediates Phagocytosis destruction of phagolysosome oxygen dependent system Products of oxygen metabolism used for respiratory burst to knock-out punch aerobic pathogens

Question 24

Secondary Lymphoid Tissues

Answer 24

SALT (skin) MALT GALT