ch 14 perioperative care

Question 1

This type of surgery is :Removal and study of tissue to make a diagnosis: examples are breast biopsy and biopsy of a skin lesion

Answer 1

Diagnostic Surgery

Question 2

This type of surgery is :More extensive means to diagnose a problem; usually involves exploration of a body cavity or use of scopes inserted through small incisions (examples are Exploration of abdomen for unexplained pain or an Exploratory laparoscopy)

Answer 2

Exploratory Surgery

Question 3

This type of surgery is :Removal of a tumor of diseased organ, replacement of defective tissue to restore function, or repair multiple wounds(examples are Cholecystectomy or Total Hip Replacement

Answer 3

Curative or reparative Surgery

Question 4

This type of surgery is :Relief of symptoms or enhancement of function without cure( examples are Resection of a tumor to relieve pressure and pain

Answer 4

Palliative Surgery

Question 5

This type of surgery is :Reshape normal body structures to improve appearance or change a physical feature(examples are Rhinoplasty , cleft lip repair, or mammoplasty)

Answer 5

Cosmetic Surgery

Question 6

This type of surgery is :Removal of tissue that does not yet contain cancer cells, but has a high probability of becoming cancerous in the future (examples are Prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy which is the removal of both ovaries)

Answer 6

Preventive and prophylactic surgery

Question 7

This type of surgery is :Repair or reconstruct physical deformities and abnormalities caused by traumatic injuries, birth defects, developmental abnormalities, or disease(examples are breast reconstruction following a mastectomy or cleft lip repair)

Answer 7

Reconstructive Surgery

Question 8

Defined as surgery that requires fewer than 24 hours of hospitalization these short term admissions may be as brief as 1 to 2 hours or extend to overnight

Answer 8

Ambulatory surgery

Sometimes referred to as same-day or outpatient surgery

Question 9

What are some variables that determine the care clients need before, during, and after surgery?

Answer 9

Procedure performed, age of the client, and coexisting medical conditions

Question 10

which stage of perioperative care is this :This phase begins with the decision to perform surgery and continues until the client reaches the operating area

Answer 10

Preoperative

Question 11

which stage of perioperative care is this :The phase that includes the entire surgical procedure until transfer of the client to the recovery area.

Answer 11

Intraoperative

Question 12

which stage of perioperative care is this :This phase begins with admission to the recovery area and continues until the client receives a follow-up evaluation at home or is discharged to a rehabilitation unit.

Answer 12

Postoperative

Question 13

what are the nursing goals when caring for a surgical client

Answer 13

• Minimize clients’ anxiety
• prepare for surgery
• Monitor for complications during surgery
• Assist in uncomplicated recovery

Question 14

A term used to describe the entire span of surgery, including before and after the actual operation and occurs in 3 phases is known as

Answer 14

Perioperative care

Question 15

Preoperative care requires a complete assessment of the client the nurse is to gather as much data as possivle and the nursing assessment includes the following

Answer 15

• performs history and physical examination
• assist the clients understanding of the surgery
• consider cultural needs , beliefs with regards to blood and blood products or blood transfusions and disposal of body parts, personal privacy and the presence of family during the preoperative and postoperative phases
• on admission the nurse reviews preoperative instruction such as diet (NPO) and skin preparation to ensure the client followed them

Question 16

which category of urgency is this type of surgery: Immediate, condition is life threatening, requiring surgery at once

Answer 16

Emergency surgery for example:

• Gunshot wound
• severe bleeding
• Small bowel obstruction

Question 17

which category of urgency is this type of surgery: Within 24 to 30 hours, client requires prompt attention

Answer 17

Urgent surgery for example:

• Kidney stones
• Acute gallbladder infection
• Fractured hip

Question 18

which category of urgency is this type of surgery: Planned for a few weeks or months after decision, client requires surgery at some point

Answer 18

Required surgery for example:

• cataracts
• Benign prostatic hypertrophy
• hernia repair without strangulation

Question 19

which category of urgency is this type of surgery: Client will not be harmed if surgery is not performed but will benefit if it is performed at some point

Answer 19

Elective surgery for example:

• Revision of scars
• vaginal repairs

Question 20

which category of urgency is this type of surgery: this is a personal preference

Answer 20

optional surgery for example

-cosmetic surgery

Question 21

what identifies risk related to age, nutritional status, alcoholism, tobacco use and other substance abuse as well as current physical condition and medical problems

Answer 21

Surgical risk factors and potential complications

Question 22

what is the purpose of adequate preoperative teaching/ learning

Answer 22

For the client to have an uncomplicated and shorter recovery period

Question 23

what is the goal of skin preparation before surgery

Answer 23

the goal is to decrease bacteria without compromising the skin integrity. skin is usually cleansed in a particular area with a detergent germicide soap for several days before surgery. Hair is not removed before surgery unless it is likely to interfere with the incision

Question 24

what are some of the focuses of physical preparation

Answer 24

Depending on the time of admission to the hospital or surgical facility, the nurse may perform some of the following physical preparations:

• Skin preparation
• Elimination
• Food and fluids
• care of valuables
• attire and grooming
• prostheses

Question 25

the nurse may need to insert a indwelling catheter preoperatively for some surgeries particularly the lower abdomen what is important to remember in regard to a catheter

Answer 25

A distended bladder increases the risk of bladder trauma and difficulty in performing the procedure, the catheter keeps the bladder empty during surgery. * if a catheter is not inserted, the nurse instructs the client to void immediately before receiving preoperative medication

Question 26

What are some examples of exploratory surgery?

Answer 26

• Exploration of abdomen for unexplained pain

- Exploratory laparoscopy

Question 27

What are some examples of Curative or Reparative surgery?

Answer 27

Cholecystectomy

Total hip replacement

Question 28

What are the three stages of perioperative care?

Answer 28

Preoperative
Intraoperative
Postoperative

Question 29

What are some examples of diagnostic surgery?

Answer 29

• Breast biopsy,

- Biopsy of skin lesion

Question 30

What is an example of palliative surgery?

Answer 30

Resection of a tumor to relieve pressure and pain

Question 31

What are some examples of Cosmetic Surgery?

Answer 31

Rhinoplasty
Cleft lip repair
Mammoplasty