CH 15 VOCAB : Valerie Guevara

Question 1

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Answer 1

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010

Question 2

agenda setting

Answer 2

The process of forming the list of matters that policymakers intend to address

Question 3

Board of Governors

Answer 3

The Board of Governors, located in Washington, D.C., is a federal government agency that is the Fed’s centralized component. The Board consists of seven members who are appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate.

Question 4

budget deficit

Answer 4

gov spends more than it takes in, pumping money into the economy

Question 5

charter school

Answer 5

A charter school is a school that receives government funding but operates independently of the established state school system in which it is located. Charter schools are an example of public asset privatization.

Question 6

Common Core

Answer 6

The Common Core is a set of high-quality academic standards in mathematics and English language arts/literacy (ELA). These learning goals outline what a student should know and be able to do at the end of each grade.

Question 7

Department of Health and Human Services

Answer 7

The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), also known as the Health Department, is a cabinet-level department of the U.S. federal government with the goal of protecting the health of all Americans and providing essential human services.

Question 8

depression

Answer 8

a period of high unemployment and business failures; a severe, long-lasting downturn in a business cycle

Question 9

discount rate

Answer 9

the minimum interest rate set by the Federal Reserve for lending to other banks.

Question 10

distributive policies

Answer 10

Distributive Policies Aimed at ensuring proper distribution of opportunities, goods, services among different sections of society.

Question 11

entitlement programs

Answer 11

a government program that guarantees certain benefits to a particular group or segment of the population.

Question 12

Federal Reserve System

Answer 12

The Federal Reserve System is the central banking system of the United States of America. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a series of financial panics led to the desire for central control of the monetary system in order to alleviate financial crises.

Question 13

fiscal policy

Answer 13

In economics and political science, fiscal policy is the use of government revenue collection and expenditure to influence the economy. According to Keynesian economics, when the government changes the levels of taxation and government spending, it influences aggregate demand and the level of economic activity.

Question 14

governmental (institutional) agenda

Answer 14

An intentional course of action or inaction followed by government in dealing with some problems ormatter of concern.

Question 15

gross domestic product (GDP)

Answer 15

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced in a period of time, often annually or quarterly.

Question 16

inflation

Answer 16

a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Question 17

Keynesian economics

Answer 17

Keynesian economics are the various macroeconomic theories about how in the short run – and especially during recessions – economic output is strongly influenced by aggregate demand

Question 18

laissez-faire

Answer 18

Laissez-faire is an economic system in which transactions between private parties are free from government intervention such as regulation, privileges, tariffs and subsidies

Question 19

means-tested programs

Answer 19

Understanding Means-tested Welfare or Aid to the Poor. … For example, food stamps, public housing, Medicaid, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families are means-tested aid programs that provide benefits only to poor and lower-income persons.

Question 20

Medicaid

Answer 20

health care for needy, low-income families, pregnant women, and children; covers hospitalization, physician services, drugs, and long-term nursing care

Question 21

Medicare

Answer 21

Medicare is the federal health insurance program for: People who are 65 or older.

Question 22

monetary policy

Answer 22

Monetary policy is the process by which the monetary authority of a country, typically the central bank or currency board, controls either the cost of very short-term borrowing or the monetary base, often targeting an inflation rate or interest rate to ensure price stability and general trust in the currency

Question 23

national debt

Answer 23

The national debt of the United States is the debt, or unpaid borrowed funds, carried by the federal government of the United States, which is measured as the face value of the currently outstanding Treasury securities that have been issued by the Treasury and other federal government agencies.

Question 24

No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

Answer 24

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) was a U.S. Act of Congress that reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students. … The Act required states to develop assessments in basic skills.

Question 25

non-means-tested programs

Answer 25

Government programs available only to individuals below a poverty line. Examples of Non-means tests

Question 26

open market operations

Answer 26

An open market operation is an activity by a central bank to give liquidity in its currency to a bank or a group of banks.

Question 27

policy adoption

Answer 27

Policy adoption is the third phase of the policy process in which policies are adopted by government bodies for future implementation.

Question 28

policy evaluation

Answer 28

Policy evaluation applies evaluation principles and methods to examine the content, implementation or impact of a policy. Evaluation is the activity through which we develop an understanding of the merit, worth, and utility of a policy.

Question 29

policy formulation

Answer 29

Policy formulation is the development of effective and acceptable courses of action for addressing what has been placed on the policy agenda.

Question 30

policy implementation

Answer 30

As a general concept policy implementation can be defined as the third stage of policy cycle its means the stage of the policy process immediately after the passage of a law, or the action that will be taken to put the law into effect or that the problem will be solved.

Question 31

public policy

Answer 31

Public policy is the principled guide to action taken by the administrative executive branches of the state with regard to a class of issues, in a manner consistent with law and institutional customs.

Question 32

recession

Answer 32

In economics, a recession is a business cycle contraction when there is a general slowdown in economic activity.

Question 33

redistributive policies

Answer 33

Redistribution of income and redistribution of wealth are respectively the transfer of income and of wealth (including physical property) from some individuals to others by means of a social mechanism such as taxation, charity, welfare, public services, land reform, monetary policies, confiscation, divorce or tort law.

Question 34

regulatory policies

Answer 34

aims to limit what can be done in the marketplace. Most governments have some regulations covering a variety of areas, including: Banking, insurance, and other financial businesses.

Question 35

reserve requirements

Answer 35

The reserve requirement (or cash reserve ratio) is a central bank regulation employed by most, but not all, of the world's central banks, that sets the minimum amount of reserves that must be held by a commercial bank.

Question 36

Social Security Act

Answer 36

The Social Security Act of 1935 Pub.L. 74–271, 49 Stat. 620, now codified as 42 U.S.C. ch. 7, created Social Security in the United States, and is relevant for US labor law. It created a basic right to a pension in old age, and insurance against unemployment.

Question 37

systemic agenda

Answer 37

all issues that are commonly perceived by members of the political community as meriting public attention and as involving matters within the legitimate jurisdiction of existing governmental authority

Question 38

vouchers

Answer 38

money that the government provides to parents to pay their children's tuition in a public or private school of their choice.