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Biology Exam 4 > Ch 16 Fishes > Flashcards

Ch 16 Fishes Flashcards

1
Q

Outnumber all vertebrates.

A

Yes 31,000 species: more than all other vertebrates combined 60% Marine
40% Fresh

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2
Q

What subphylum do fish belong to?

A

Subphylum Vertebrata (Craniata)

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3
Q

What fish groups have no jaws?

A

Class Myxini-Hagfishes Class Petromyzontida- Lampreys

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4
Q

What fish groups have jaws?

A

Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fishes) Sharks, skates, rays, and chimaeras

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5
Q

What are the general characteristics of fish?

A 
Streamlined bodies
Ectothermic- derive heat from external source
With endothermic exceptions
Gills- extract oxygen from water
Paired fins
Dermal scales cover the body
With notable exceptions
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6
Q

Hagfish:

Do they have scales?

A

No

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7
Q

Hagfish:

Fins?

A

single fleshy caudal fin

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8
Q

Hagfish:

Vertebral column?

A

skull but no vertebral column

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9
Q

Hagfish:

Jaws?

A

No

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10
Q

Hagfish:

What is unique about hagfish? (what can they do and why do they do it?)

A

While eating carrion or live prey, they tie their tails into knots to generate torque and increase the force of their bites.

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11
Q

Lampreys:

Describe these fish

A

A slender, eel-like body with no scales

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12
Q

Lampreys:

Do they have fins?

A

Dorsal fins, no paired appendages

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13
Q

Lampreys:

Jaws?

A

No jaws

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14
Q

Lampreys:

Notochord?

A

Notochord persists throughout life

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15
Q

Lampreys:

Why are they a problem?

A

Sea lampreys are parasitic pests. They attach to fish destroy fishery.

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16
Q

Lampreys:

What is their mouth like?

A

Disk like suction cups

17
Q

Chondricthyes

What fish are in this group?

A

Sharks, Skates, Rays and Chimaeras

18
Q

Chondricthyes

Describe body

A

Skeleton of cartilage Funnel-shaped body
Ventral powerful mouth Paired pectoral and pelvic fins
One or two dorsal fin Fins stiff and not very movable

19
Q

Chondricthyes

Fins?

A

One or two dorsal fin

20
Q

Chondricthyes

Jaws?

A

Yes

21
Q

Chondricthyes

Skeleton made of?

A

Skeleton of cartilage

22
Q

Chondricthyes

Swim bladder?

A

No swim bladder

23
Q

Chondricthyes

What is different between shark growth in terms of scales and bony fish scale growth?

A

Scales reduces friction when swimming and offer protection

24
Q

Chondricthyes

Where do shark teeth come from?

A

Teeth are modified scales

25
Q

Chondricthyes

Can they replace their teeth?

A

Yes

26
Q

Chondricthyes

Are their gills covered?

A

No

27
Q

Chondricthyes

What type of senses do they have?

A

Smell vibration reception- lateral line vision electroreception

28
Q

Chondricthyes

Why do most have an oily liver?

A

but an oil-filled liver aids in buoyancy.

29
Q

Chondricthyes

What are the man-eating sharks?

A

Tiger Shark Great White Bull Shark

30
Q

Chondricthyes

How is ray/skate body plan different from most other fish?

A

Gill openings on underside of head with spiracles on top also flat.

31
Q

Chondricthyes

Do ray’s have a tail?

A

What do they use it for? Tails are reduced or absent Stingrays have venom glands on tail

32
Q

Who is the chimaera?

A

Ratfish

33
Q

Ratfish What does it eat?

A

Feed on algae, echinoderms, crustaceans, mollusks, and other fishes

34
Q

Ratfish How is it different from sharks/rays?

A

Jaws with flat plates instead of teeth Lack scales Dorsal spine with venom.

35
Q

Osteoicthyes

Who are the lobe-finned fish?

A

are bony fish with fleshy, lobed, paired fins, which are joined to the body by a single bone.

36
Q

Osteoicthyes

How many chambers does a fish’s heart have?

A

2

37
Q

Osteoicthyes

Why are fish important economically?

A

Food Ingredients in non-food products Paint, glue, soap, fertilizer Fishermen Hobby/Aquarists

38
Q

Why are fish important ecologically?

A

Overfishing Habitat Degradation and Loss Inadequate Conservation and Management Practices

Biology Exam 4 (4 decks)

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