Ch. 17 & 18 IDS

Question 0

Caudillos

Answer 0

Independent military leaders with large personal followings

Military leaders with they’re own followers

Question 1

“The Bully of the North”

Answer 1

The Unites States

Americas who mistreated other countries

Question 2

Charles Darwin

Answer 2

An important milestone came in 1859 with the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin, who argued that all living species had evolved from earlier species through time as they adapted to changed in the environment.

Came up with they theory that species evolved from earlier species, adapting and changing to heir environment

Question 3

Porfirio Diaz

Answer 3

Another example of foreign investment occurred in Mexico during the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz from 1876 to 1911. Diaz reversed the policies of his predecessor, Benito Juarez, who had seized land from the church and other elites to redistribute to commoners. He encouraged entrepreneurship and foreign investment that resulted in the construction of railroads and telegraph lines and the production of mineral resources.

Encouraged entrepreneurship and investments for the foreign, constructing in telegraph lines and minerals.

Question 4

Dominion of Canada

Answer 4

The British North America Act of 1876 joined Quebec, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick together as the Dominion of Canada, a self-governing political system still officially tied to Britain.

Self governing political system

Question 5

Federalist System

Answer 5

Like the United States, Canada was designed to be a federalist system, with powers shared by the central governemnt and its subunits.

Powers shared by a central government

Question 6

Sigmund Freud

Answer 6

The social sciences continued to rely on the scientific method for their development, although a Viennese physician, Sigmund Freud, greatly altered psychology and related fields with his theories of the irrational, subconscious mind.

Altered psychology

Question 7

Isolationism

Answer 7

The new nation -the United States - developed internally during the early 19th century and was preoccupied with western expansion and political stability, and an ocean separated them from Europe. As a result, Americans tried their best to stay out of European affairs, a philosophy reflected in George Washington’s farewell address to the nation in 1797. In 1823 this isolationist policy was written down in the Monroe Doctrine.

Isolated western expansion to the Americas separating from Europe

Question 8

Isolationist Policy

Answer 8

The new nation -the United States - developed internally during the early 19th century and was preoccupied with western expansion and political stability, and an ocean separated them from Europe. As a result, Americans tried their best to stay out of European affairs, a philosophy reflected in George Washington’s farewell address to the nation in 1797. In 1823 this isolationist policy was written down in the Monroe Doctrine.

Separation of larger countries along oceans

Question 9

Andrew Jackson

Answer 9

He rose in the U.S. to become a military general known for his ability to inspire devotion from his men and also for his impatience with civilian authorities. His popularity and charisma led to his election as president, where he challenged constitutional limits on his authority, and substantially increased the powers of the presidency.

Military general and president

Question 10

Benito Juarez

Answer 10

This president, a personalist leader with liberal, secular leanings, started La Reforma

President who started la Reforma

Question 11

La Reforma

Answer 11

A movement that aimed to limit the power of the military and the church in the name of equality, or “land and liberty,” according to its slogan. It limited the privileges of priests and military elites, and confiscated their lands to redistribute more equitably among the people.

Limited military power

Question 12

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 12

It warned against European meddling in the Americas.

Went against friction between countries

Question 13

Jose Antonio Paez

Answer 13

He rose from poverty to become a military leader and led the independence movement of Venezuela against the efforts of Simon Bolivar to include it as part of Gran Columbia, and his success put him in control of the government as a dictator for eighteen years.

Military leader who the lead independence movement

Question 14

Parliamentary System

Answer 14

Unlike the U.S., Canada became a parliamentary system, with a prime minister from parliament, rather than a presidential system, with a strong president with powers separated from those of Congress.

Strong president with separated congregational powers

Question 15

Presidential System

Answer 15

Unlike the U.S., Canada became a parliamentary system, with a prime minister from parliament, rather than a presidential system, with a strong president with powers separated from those of Congress.

Strong president with powers separated

Question 16

Personalist Rulers

Answer 16

Men with charismatic influence often rose to power through the force of their personalities, leading to personalist rule that gave them authoritarian control over their followers.

Influential men had more power and led personal authorization

Question 17

Regionalism

Answer 17

One reason for Latin America’s fragmentation was regionalism, or identity with a particular region rather than a large area.

Personal identity to a large region area

Question 18

Romanticism

Answer 18

An important movement in arts and literature, began in Europe and spread to the United States.

Important art and literature movement

Question 19

Spanish American War

Answer 19

An important event occurred in 1898 when the Spanish American War broke out, instigated by events in Cuba and Puerto Rico, Spain’s last colonies in the Americas.

War caused by Cuba and Puerto Rico

Question 20

Crimean War

Answer 20

Fought between 1854 and 1856; began as Russian attempt to attack Ottoman Empire; Russia opposed by French and British as well; resulted in Russian defeat in the face of Western industrial technology; led to reforms under Tsar Alexander II

Russians attempt to attack Ottoman Empire

Question 21

Anarchists

Answer 21

Political groups seeking abolition of all formal government; formed in many part of Europe and Americas in late 19th and early 20th centuries; particularly prevalent in Russia, opposing tsarist autocracy and becoming a terrorist movement responsible for assassination of Alexander II in 1881

Politics looking to abolish all formal governments

Question 22

Duma

Answer 22

National parliament created in Russia in the aftermath of the Revolution of 1905;progressively stripped of power during the reign of Tsar Nicholas II; failed to forestall further revolution

Stripped power of revolution during the national parliament

Question 23

Holy Alliance

Answer 23

Alliance among Russia, Prussia, and Austria in defense of religion and the established order; formed at Congress of Vienna by most conservative monarchies of Europe

Establishes order and defends religion

Question 24

Intelligentsia

Answer 24

Literally, the majority party; the most radical branch of the Russian Marxist movement; led by V. I. Lenin and dedicated to his concept of social revolution; actually a minority in the Russian Marxist political scheme until its triumph in the 1917 revolution

Majorly part of the Russian Marxist movement

Question 25

Boxer Rebellion

Answer 25

a member of a Chinese secret society that carried on an unsuccessful uprising, 1898–1900 (Boxer Rebellion) principally against foreigners, culminating in a siege of foreign legations in Peking that was put down by an international expeditionary force.

Chinese secret society member carrying uprises

Question 26

Canton System

Answer 26

The Canton System (1757–1842) served as a means for China to control trade with the west within its own country by focusing all trade on the southern port of Canton (now Guangzhou).

Controlled trade between china and more west

Question 27

Catherine The Great

Answer 27

Yekaterina Alexeevna or Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great, was the most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia, reigning from 9 July [O.S. 28 June] 1762 until her death in 1796 at the age of sixty-seven.

Longest ruling female leader of Russia

Question 28

Cult of the Emporer

Answer 28

The Imperial cult of ancient Rome identified emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority of the Roman State.

Identifying Russian members of authority and their families

Question 29

Decembrist Revolt

Answer 29

Decembrist Revolt. 1825. In December of 1825 in St. Petersburg, Russia, a group of military officials staged a revolt against Tsar Nicholas I. These rebels were liberals who felt threatened by the new ruler’s conservative views.

Liberals who revolted against tsar Nicholas

Question 30

Diet

Answer 30

A national or local legislative assembly in certain countries, such as Japan.

A formal general assembly of the princes or estates of the Holy Roman Empire.

Question 31

Hong Xiuquan

Answer 31

Hong Xiuquan (Hung Hsiu-chuan; 1 January 1814 – 1 June 1864),[1] born Hong Renkun, courtesy name Huoxiu (火秀), was a Hakka Chinese who led the Taiping Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty, establishing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom over varying portions of southern China, with himself as the “Heavenly King” and self-proclaimed brother of Jesus Christ.

Led the taiping heavenly kingdom over southern china

Question 32

McCartney Mission

Answer 32

The Macartney Embassy, also called the Macartney Mission, was a British embassy to China in 1793. It is named for the first envoy of Great Britain to China, George Macartney, who led the endeavor.

British embassy to china

Question 33

Meiji Restoration

Answer 33

The Meiji Restoration (明治維新 Meiji Ishin?), also known as the Meiji Ishin, Renovation, Revolution, Reform or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under the Meiji Emperor.

Events that restored rule to Japan under an empire

Question 34

Most favored-nation states

Answer 34

In international economic relations and international politics, “most favoured nation” (MFN) is a status or level of treatment accorded by one state to another in international trade

Treatment between states through international trade

Question 35

Muhammad Ali

Answer 35

Muhammad Ali is an American former professional boxer, generally considered among the greatest heavyweights in the sport’s history.

Greatest boxer in history

Question 36

Juan Manuel de Rosas

Answer 36

Juan Manuel de Rosas, nicknamed “Restorer of the Laws”, was a politician, army officer and caudillo who ruled the Argentine Confederation almost uninterruptedly from 1829 until 1852.

Restored laws and ruled confederation

Question 37

Washingtons Farewell Address

Answer 37

George Washington’s Farewell Address is a letter written by the first American President, George Washington, to “The People of the United States of America”.

Written by first president for the people of the U.S

Question 38

Civil War

Answer 38

The American Civil War, also known as the War Between the States, or simply the Civil War in the United States (see naming), was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865 in the United States of America after seven Southern slave states declared their secession and formed the Confederate States of America (the “Confederacy” or the “South”).

War between the states for succession