Ch. 18

Question 0

Basic solution

Answer 0

Contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions

Question 1

Acidic solution

Answer 1

Contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions

Question 2

Arrhenius Model

Answer 2

An acid is a substance that contains hydrogen and ionizes to produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution

Question 3

Bronsted-Lowry model

Answer 3

An acid is a hydrogen-ion donor and a base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor

Question 4

Conjugate acid

Answer 4

The species produced when a base accepts a hydrogen ion

Question 5

Conjugate base

Answer 5

The species produced when when an acid donates a hydrogen ion

Question 6

Conjugate acid-base pair

Answer 6

Two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of a single hydrogen ion

Question 7

Amphoteric

Answer 7

Substances that can act as both acids and bases

Question 8

Lewis Model

Answer 8

Acid is an electron-pair acceptor and a base is an electron-pair donor

Question 9

Strong acid

Answer 9

Acids that ionize completely into hydronium and chloride ions

Question 10

Weak acid

Answer 10

An acid that ionizes partially in dilute aqueous solution

Question 11

Acid ionization constant

Answer 11

The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the ionization of a weak acid

Question 12

Strong base

Answer 12

A base that disassociates entirely into metal ions and hydroxide ions

Question 13

Weak base

Answer 13

A base that ionizes partially in dilute aqueous solution

Question 14

Base ionization constant

Answer 14

The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the ionization of a base

Question 15

Ion product constant for water

Answer 15

The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the self-ionization of water

Question 16

pH

Answer 16

The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration

Question 17

pOH

Answer 17

The negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration

Question 18

Neutralization reaction

Answer 18

A reaction in which an acid and a base in an aqueous solution react to produce a salt and water

Question 19

Salt

Answer 19

An ionic compound made up of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid

Question 20

Titration

Answer 20

A method for determining the concentration of a solution by reacting a known volume of that solution with a solution of known concentration

Question 21

Titrant

Answer 21

The solution of known concentration used in titration

Question 22

Equivalence point

Answer 22

The point at which moles of H+ ion from the acid equal moles of OH- ion from the base

Question 23

Acid-base indicators

Answer 23

Chemical dyes whose colors are affected by acidic and basic solutions

Question 24

End point

Answer 24

The point at which the indicator used in a titration changes color

Question 25

Salt hydrolysis

Answer 25

When the anions of the disassociated salt accept hydrogen ions from water or the cations of the disassociated salt donate hydrogen ions to water

Question 26

Buffers

Answer 26

Solutions that resist changes in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added

Question 27

Buffer capacity

Answer 27

The amount of acid or base a buffer solution can absorb without a significant change in pH