CH. 18 and 19 Major Procedures

Question 1

——- ——– can be quite complex involving skin, muscle, nerves and blood vessels

Answer 1

Maxiliofacial injuries

Question 2

—— ——– surgery focuses on reconstruction and repairs of the facial bones and may include structures of the oral cavity

Answer 2

Oral Maxillofacial surgery

Question 3

—– —— —– removes the epidermis and a portion of the dermis to reduce facial lines and wrinkles

Answer 3

Laser skin resurfacing

Question 4

—— or —— surgery is performed to improve appearance but not function

Answer 4

aesthetic or cosmetic

Question 5

——— procedures are primarily performed by or maxillofacial, plastic or otorhinolaryngology surgeons.

Answer 5

maxilofacial

Question 6

—– - —— —— involves the bones of the face, primarily for repair of fractures and reconstruction for congenital abnormalities

Answer 6

oral-maxilofacial surgery

Question 7

one of the most fundamental goals of any maxilomandibular procedure is to preserce the patients :

Answer 7

unique bite pattern

Question 8

—— and ——- surgery is involved with the treatment of congenital defects and anatomical abnormalities caused by disease and injury. Restoration of FORM and FUNCTION is primary goal.

Answer 8

plastic and reconstructive

Question 9

what 3 parts is the face divided into

Answer 9

upper, midface and lower face

Question 10

the — —— forms the bridge of the nose, and articulates with the ethmoid and maxilla. Fracture of this may injure the lacrimal apparatus including the ducts and lacrimal gland.

Answer 10

Nasal Bone

Question 11

——- is the only movable bone of the face, it is a U shaped bone that is suspended from the temporal bone.

Answer 11

Mandible

Question 12

the —— forms the lateral walls and floor of the bony orbit, which houses the eyeball

Answer 12

Zygoma

Question 13

——- ——- skin grafts consists of the epidermis and a portion of the paillary dermis

Answer 13

Split-thickness skin graft

Question 14

——– graft transfered from one human to another

Answer 14

allograft

-Both allografts and homografts are subject to reabsorption over time

Question 15

what are some vital functions of the skin

Answer 15

• protect underlying tissues and organs
• excretes organic wastes and stores nutrients
• sensory organs in the skin transmit touch, pressure pain and temp
• excretes water and dissipates heat as a means of thermoregulation

Question 16

The ——- ———– is the most superficial layer. It is relatively transparent and composed of dead karatinocytes that are filled with a protein called keratin. It is thicker on areas of the body that are weight bearing or exposed to friction such as hands and feet.

Answer 16

stratum corneum

Question 17

Full thickness skin graft (FTSG) is composed of the —— nad ——–

Answer 17

dermis and epidermis

Question 18

What are the soft tissue layers of the face

Answer 18

skin, fat, muscle, fascia and ligaments

Question 19

The subcutaneous fatty tissue is separated into deep and surperficial layers by a fascia plane called the —— ——-

Answer 19

fascia superficialis

Question 20

———- is the number, type and pattern of the teeth

Answer 20

dentition

Question 21

——— ———– is a congenital defect resulting in a small lower jaw. this can affect feeding in the infant and alignment of the teeth as the infant grows.

Answer 21

Mandibular micrognathia

Question 22

—– —– —- is a horizontal fracture of the maxilla that causes the hard pallat and alveolar process to become separated from the remainder of the maxilla. The fracture extends into the lower nasal septum lateral maxillary sinus and palatine bones.

Answer 22

Le Fort I

Question 23

—- ——– is characterized by persistent pain, and is usually associated with stress related muscle tension and grinding teeth (Bruxism) malocclusion trauma or arthritis

Answer 23

TMJ Disease

Question 24

What do patients normally expirience after oral maxilary due to corneal shield

Answer 24

blurred vision

Question 25

----- ------ ---- fracture is the separation of all the facial bones from their cranial base. It includes frature of the zygoma, maxilla and nasal bones. The fracture line extends through the ethmoid bone and bony orbit with severe facial flattening and swelling.

Answer 25

Le Fort III

Question 26

---- ----- -- fracture is pyramidal. It extends from the nasal bone, to the frontal processes of the maxilla, lacrimal bones and inferior orbital floor and may extend into the orbital foramen. Inferiorly, it extends into the anterior maxillary sinus and into the pterygoid plates.

Answer 26

Le Fort II

Question 27

What diagnostic tool is used for simple assesment of baseline fractures

Answer 27

X-Ray

Question 28

What diagnostic tool is used for assesment with complex fractures, reconstructive surgeries, extensive tissue swelling

Answer 28

CT scan

Question 29

What is the prep area for facial fractures and what is used for prep

Answer 29

Entire face- Hairline to Sternal Notch | betadine paint and scrub

Question 30

------ implants are placed beneath the periosteum directly on the alveolar bone. This type of implant is used primarily when bone is insufficient to support an endosteal implant.

Answer 30

Subperiosteal implants

Question 31

----- ----- are implanted to realign detition of the manible and midface

Answer 31

Arch Bars

Question 32

----- and ---- are primary means of repairing a facial fracture

Answer 32

plates and screws

Question 33

a ----- screw penetrates both cortical layers and the intervening spongy layer of the bone

Answer 33

bicortical

Question 34

during an ---- ----- ------ a periosteal elevator is sued to elevate the perosteum off of the crainium to the level of the superior orbital rims

Answer 34

open brow lift

Question 35

a large split thickness graft is removed with the -------

Answer 35

dermatome

Question 36

before repair of a sinus fracture, the sinus mucosa must be removed and the duct occluded. The sinus is then often filled with --- ------

Answer 36

Fat Graft

Question 37

------ ------- dictates that wires on arch bars be tightened in a clockwise fashion so that any other surgeon knows to remove them in a counter clockwise direction

Answer 37

standard protocol

Question 38

third degree burns develop -----, which is devitalized, non elastic tissue adhering to the wound site. This is removed during debridement to allow healing and reduce constriction.

Answer 38

Eschar

Question 39

------- is a surgical technique in which a plane of tissue is created or an existing tissue plane is lifted such as skin from the fascia

Answer 39

Undermine

Question 40

Biological grafts are dirived from

Answer 40

living tissue

Question 41

Synthetic grafts are dirived from

Answer 41

man made materials

Question 42

the surgeon makes an incision in the -------- region, 2 to 3 mm below the lash line, using a #15 blade

Answer 42

subciliary region

Question 43

------ ------- are placed around surgical site to reduce risk of surgical fire and peripheral thermal damage

Answer 43

moist towels

Question 44

During cheek augmentation the incision is -------. after the patient is prepped and draped, the incision is made under the ------- duct with a #15 blade and extended to the periosteum.

Answer 44

Intraorally | Parotid Duct

Question 45

During removal of a superficial lesion, retraction of the skin edges is done by using what?

Answer 45

Double or single prong skin hooks

Question 46

a ------ ------ aka (Flap Graft) is raised from the donor site but not immediately severed free. The donor site tissue is partially severed and the flap brought into contract with the recipient site. The graft is sutured in place to cover the defect.

Answer 46

Pedicle graft

Question 47

an -------------- Flap is raised from the tissues in the immediate area of the defect.

Answer 47

Advancement flap

Question 48

------- flaps are semicircular and require some degree of turning in order to reach and cover the recipient tissue defect

Answer 48

Rotation Flaps

Question 49

--------- is performed to remove excess skin and adipose tissue from the abdominal wall

Answer 49

Panniculectomy

Question 50

Damaged or dead cells prevent the formation of fibrin, collagen and other matrix tissue that binds the healing tissues. The process of removing the diseased, damaged or infected cells is called

Answer 50

Debridement

Question 51

Who primarily performs procedures involving teeth

Answer 51

oral-maxiliofacial surgeon

Question 52

------ -------- is performed to correct a bony deformity of the maxilla.

Answer 52

midface advancement

Question 53

What is the prep for a bicornal incision? (behind the hairline)

Answer 53

head shaved, prep carried fromposterior head to the sternal notch. Mouth rinsed with diluted betadine paint, teeth brushed

Question 54

What is the procedure called when the maxilla and mandible are placed in normal closed position and fixated with wire

Answer 54

MMF Maxillomandibular fixation | aka application of arch bars

Question 55

What procedure can be done to correct redundant and sagging supportive tissue of the face, possibly caused by age or disease?

Answer 55

Rhytidectomy (face lift)

Question 56

what is mentoplasty

Answer 56

augmentation of the skin

Question 57

what procedure is performed to rejuvenate an aging face, particularly lower third of the face jawline and neck

Answer 57

rhytidectomy

Question 58

what is the surgical creation of the external ear, invision made in the postauricular skin using #15 blade which exposes cartrilage

Answer 58

otoplasty

Question 59

What procedure is performed to remove excess skin and tissue from the abdominal wall

Answer 59

panniculectomy

Question 60

what is a malar augmentation

Answer 60

procedure to enlarge the cheeks

Question 61

what is the term for the size of a structure being enlarged

Answer 61

augmentation

Question 62

This area is normally injured during a blow to the forehead and trauma it may involve the nasal duct. The fronta bone is part of the cranium but forms the forehead and containes portions of the nasal sinuses, injury to the dura might also occur.

Answer 62

Upper Face

Question 63

Fractures in this area are important in their asssociation with injury to the eye. Especially in displaced fractures. THis includes zygoma, maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, sphenoid and palatine bones.

Answer 63

midface

Question 64

This bone is a complex structure that contributes to the floor of the cranium and contains a number of sinus cavities

Answer 64

Ethmoid bone

Question 65

The ------ -------- come together to form the upper jaw, anterior hard palate and a portion of the orbital cavities

Answer 65

bilateral maxilla

Question 66

the ------ is the only movable bone of the face, it is U shaped and extends from the temporal bone.

Answer 66

mandible

Question 67

the ------ extends inferiorly from the condyle to the angle where it joinsthe body of the mandible and extends anteriorly and medially to join the other half of the manible

Answer 67

Ramus

Question 68

the -------- insert into the glenoid fossa of the temporal bones to form the temporomandibular joints.

Answer 68

condytes

Question 69

Rigid canulas that are connected to a large bore suction tubing---- aspiration of adipose tissue

Answer 69

lipsuction

Question 70

------ is used to resurface the face- wet towels are needed to surround the surgical field.

Answer 70

Laser

Question 71

------- Used to invrease the surface area of grafted skin by puncturing holes into the skin graft used to aerate a skin graft

Answer 71

Mesher

Question 72

------- is used to take autograft skin, mechanical and drum are two types of these.

Answer 72

Dermotome

Question 73

---- ------ includes a cannula for endoscope to be passed through, the corneal, pretricial ordirect approach may be used.

Answer 73

brow lift

Question 74

------- is performed to change the size of the breast or reconstruct without the use of implants, requires use of a tissue expander under certain conditions and treats macromastia

Answer 74

mammoplasty

Question 75

Performed to excise the excess abdominal wall skin, usually after significant weight loss

Answer 75

panniculectomy

Question 76

Performed to rejuvenate an aging face

Answer 76

rhytidectomy

Question 77

used to create a new nipple, stent dressing used, type of autograft

Answer 77

Skin Graft