Ch 18 -Blood

Question 1

Albumins

Answer 1

Smallest

Maintain blood pressure and volume

Question 2

Globulins

Answer 2

Antibodies

Question 3

Fibrinogen

Answer 3

Involved in blood clotting

Question 4

Regulatory proteins

Answer 4

Hormones

Question 5

Erythrocyte

Answer 5

Transportation of respiratory gases

Question 6

Lymphocyte

Answer 6

Differentiate into cells that produce antibodies

Question 7

Neutrophil

Answer 7

Increase in number during bacterial infections

Question 8

Basophil

Answer 8

Vasodilatory and anticoagulant more function

Question 9

Eosinophil

Answer 9

Increase in number during parasitic infections

Ex. Worm or allergies

Question 10

Monocyte

Answer 10

Involved with immune clearance

Question 11

Granulocytes

Answer 11

Specific granules in their cytosol that are clearly visible when viewed with a microscope

Question 12

Medical terms refer to synthesis of formed element

Answer 12

Hematopoiesis

Hemopoiesis

Question 13

Steps of hemostasis

Answer 13

Vascular spasm
Platelet plug formation
Coagulation phase

Question 14

Chemotaxis

Answer 14

Leukocytes attracted to molecules produced by damaged or dying cells

Question 15

Leukopoiesis

Answer 15

Leukocyte production

Question 16

Macrophages

Answer 16

Remove old/damaged erythrocytes

Question 17

alpha globulins

Answer 17

Small

Transport lipids and hormones

Question 18

Beta globulins

Answer 18

Large

Transport lipids and hormones

Question 19

Gamma globulins

Answer 19

Aka antibodies

Produce immune cells and bind to antigens of pathogens

Question 20

Hemoglobin

Answer 20

In cytosol of erythrocytes

Is a pigment

Is a protein

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 21

Hemocytoblast

Answer 21

All formed elements

Question 22

Myeloid stem cell

Answer 22

Erythrocytes, Granulocytes, platelets, monocytes

Question 23

Lymphoid stem cell

Answer 23

Leukocytes of immune response

Question 24

Agranulocytes

Answer 24

Leukocytes with small specific granules in cytosol not clearly visible under microscope

Question 25

Lymphocytes

Answer 25

Attack abnormal body cells Coordinate immune responses

Question 26

Leukocytes main classes (2)

Answer 26

Granulocytes Agranulocytes

Question 27

Sickle cell disease

Answer 27

Autosomal recessive mutation Altered shape in hemoglobin RBCs become clumped and stuck to blood vessels causing pain

Question 28

Congenital hemolytic anemia

Answer 28

Often genetically determined Malformation of erythrocyte membrane proteins RBCs destroyed too rapidly!!

Question 29

Erythroblastic anemia

Answer 29

Higher circulating number of immature, uncleared erythroblasts

Question 30

Thrombopoesis

Answer 30

Platelet production

Question 31

Erythropoietin

Answer 31

Stimulates development of erythrocytes Produced by kidneys Hormone

Question 32

B lymphocyte

Answer 32

Become plasma cells and produce antibodies

Question 33

T lymphocyte

Answer 33

Manage and direct immune responses Attack infected body and foreign cells

Question 34

Natural killer cell

Answer 34

Attack abnormal and infected body cells

Question 35

Leukopenia

Answer 35

Reduced number of leukocytes

Question 36

Agglutination

Answer 36

Binding of antibodies in the blood plasma to their corresponding surface antigens on Erythrocyte plasma membrane

Question 37

Hemolysis

Answer 37

Rupture of erythrocytes

Question 38

Hypoxemia

Answer 38

Low blood O2 Negative feedback

Question 39

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 39

Stimulates erythropoiesis in red bone marrow RBC count rises 3-4 days Stimuli: Exercise Smoking

Question 40

Primary polycythemia

Answer 40

Excess RBCs Cancer forming in bone marrow Increased BP Increased bleeding

Question 41

Secondary polycythemia

Answer 41

Low blood O2 Thick blood Heart failure

Question 42

Hemorrhagic anemia

Answer 42

Loss of RBCs due to chronic bleeding

Question 43

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 43

Low platelet count

Question 44

Thrombocytosis

Answer 44

High platelet count

Question 45

Cytokines

Answer 45

Inflammatory chemicals Makes cells "do" things

Question 46

Thrombus

Answer 46

Blood clot Often in leg veins of women and inactive people

Question 47

Embolus

Answer 47

Clot that breaks free Travels to vital organ