CH 19 Flashcards
(50 cards)
The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called the
Substrate
The theory of enzyme mechanism that suggests a rigid, inflexible molecule is the ________ model
Lock and Key
The theory of enzyme mechanism that suggests a flexible molecule whose shape is altered by the reaction conditions is the ________ model.
Induced fit
When substrate molecules occupy all of the active sites in the enzyme available for a particular reaction, the enzyme is said to be
saturated
Substances the bind to an enzyme and increase its activity are called
positive regulators
A multi-step biochemical process in which the rate of an early step is affected by the concentration of products of a later step is said to be subject to
feedback control
The mechanism of enzyme control that is similar to noncompetitive inhibition because both involve interactions with the enzyme at locations other than the active site is
allosteric interaction
Another term for substances that bind irreversibly with the active site of an enzyme is
POISONS
You have added an irreversible inhibitor to a sample of enzyme and substrate. At this point, the reaction has stopped completely. What is the best way to get the activity of the enzyme back up?
The enzyme is inactive at this point. Nothing can be done except add new enzyme.
You have an enzymatic reaction going at optimum pH and optimum temperature. You add a competitive inhibitor to the reaction and notice that the reaction slows down. What can you do to speed the reaction up again?
Add more substrate; it will out-compete the inhibitor and increase the rate.
Which of the following statements about the effect of temperature on enzyme activity is correct?
Enzymes in human body usually give best catalytic activity around 37 °C
Fat Soluble Vitamins are…
A D E K
Transferase
type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of functional group from molecule to another
Zymogen
inactive form of an enzyme, PROENZYME
Hydrolase
type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of LG molecules by the RXN of H2O
Isomerase
type of enzyme the catalyzes internal rearrangement of molecules
Antioxidant
Prevents harmful RXN of free radical
Oxidoreductase
Type pf enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction RXNs
Lyase
enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
Vitamin
small organic molecule necessary for good health and must be obtained from diet
Hormones produced in the…
endocrine system
Chemical messengers that are produced by the endocrine system and circulate in the bloodstream are
HORMONES
Chemical messengers that carry signals between neurons are
neurotransmitters
**Depression is known to be caused by a deficiency of
serotonin.
dopamine.
norepinephrine.
