Ch 19 Flashcards
What tissue comprises the heart valves
Endocardium with a connective tissue core
Where are atrioventricular valves found in the heart
Between Atria and ventricles
What is the right atrioventricular valve also known as
The tricuspid valve
What is the left atrioventricular valve also known as
The bicuspid or mitral valve
What tissue comprises the cardiac skeleton
Dense connective tissue
What are the four functions of the cardiac skeleton
- Anchors valve
- Prevent over dilation
- Main point of muscle insertion
- Blocks direct spread of electrical impulses
When do the AV valves open
When atrial pressure is greater than ventricular pressure
What is the function of the semilunar valves
Prevent blood flow back into the heart from the aorta and Pulmonary trunk
Systole refers to expansion or contraction
Contraction
Diastole refers to expansion or contraction of the heart
Expansion or relaxation
Are Atria walls thin or thick
Thin
Are ventricle walls thin or thick
Thick
How much bigger is the left ventricle than the right ventricle
3 times thicker because it exerts more pumping Force
Which node sets the inherent rate of contraction for the heart
The sinoatrial node
Atrial depolarization initiated by the SA node is indicated by which wave on the ECG
The P wave
What happens at the QRS complex of the ECG
Atrial repolarization occurs
Ventricular repolarization begins at the Apex causing which wave on the ECG
The T wave
Which cranial nerve decreases heart rate and is it sympathetic or parasympathetic
Vagus nerve, parasympathetic
Which nerve increases heart rate and force of contraction and is a sympathetic or parasympathetic
Vagus nerve, sympathetic
What is caused by fatty deposits in the heart
Atherosclerosis
What is the clinical term for chest pain
Angina pectoris
What is a myocardial infarction
Heart attack
What is caused by Progressive weakening of the heart where the heart cannot meet the body’s demand for oxygenated blood
Heart failure
What happens when the heart enlarges and pumping efficiency declines
Congestive heart failure
What is the enlargement and potential failure of the right ventricle
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
What is rapid random firing of electrical impulses in the heart ventricles resulting from a crippled conducting system and is a common cause of cardiac arrest
Ventricular fibrillation
What kinds of fibrillation promotes formation of clots which leads to Strokes from impulses Circle within the atrial myocardium stimulating the AV node
atrial fibrillation
